青藏高原高寒绿洲景观格局特征分析

借助遥感(RS)、地理信息系统(GIS)等手段,运用生态学原理对青海香日德绿洲进行景观格局特征分析。结果表明,香日德绿洲景观多样性指数和均匀性指数分别为1.634和0.8397,均处于中等水平。研究区景观优势度不高,但是耕地、林地、未利用土地仍占有较高的景观比例,尤其耕地,不但景观比例大而且随着移民的不断涌入还有增长趋势;研究区景观分离度最大的是交通用地,最小的是耕地,表明耕地分散程度最小,交通用地最大。区域景观破碎度最大的是耕地和林地,最小的是交通用地和水域,说明耕地被分割程度最大,水域和交通用地最小。分维数指数最大的是居民及工矿用地,最小的是耕地,即居民点及工矿用地形状最不规则,受人为干扰最小,相反耕地形状最为规则,受人为干扰最大。

Analysis of Characteristics of Landscape Patterns in Xiangride Oasis in Qinghai Province

In this paper the characteristics of landscape patterns in Xiangride Oasis in Qinghai province by means of remote sensing(RS),geographical information system(GIS) and theories of ecologyetc were analyzed.The results showed that the indexes of diversity and evenness were 1.634and 0.8397,both located on middle position.The dominance index in research area was not very high,but the farmland,forest a land and unused land still took high landscape proportion,especially the farmland not only took a large landscape proportion but also increased with the emigration coming into the oasis.The biggest landscape separation index in the research area was the traffic land and the smallest was the farmland,which showed that the scattered degree of farmland was the least and the land use of traffic land was the biggest.The biggest regional landscape fragmentation were farmland and forest land,the smallest were the land use of traffic land and water area,which showed that the dividing degree of farmland was the biggest and the land use of traffic land and water area were the least.The biggest index of fractal dimensions were residential and industrial land,the least was farmland.It meaned that the shape of residential and industrial land was irregularly,the human disturbance was the least,otherwise the shape of farmland was regular and human disturbance was the biggest.