生物质炭对邻苯二甲酸二丁酯污染土壤微生物群落结构多样性的影响

在邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)污染的不同类型土壤(有机质含量低的新垦红壤、有机质含量高的熟化红壤)中添加不同种类(稻草炭、毛竹炭)以及不同用量(0%、0.5%和2%)的生物质炭,温室种植上海青并在56 d后采集土样,采用磷脂脂肪酸法(PLFA)考察了土壤类型、生物质炭种类以及用量对土壤微生物群落结构多样性的影响.结果表明:对细菌、真菌及微生物总PLFA这三者的含量而言,熟化红壤显著(p0.05)高于新垦红壤,熟化红壤中添加2%稻草炭使其显著(p0.05)增加,新垦红壤中添加毛竹炭使其显著(p0.05)降低.新垦红壤中添加2%稻草炭对革兰氏阴性菌/革兰氏阳性菌比值的增加效果最显著(p0.05),添加2%毛竹炭对土壤微生物群落Shannon指数的降低效果最显著(p0.05).添加2%稻草炭对DBP污染土壤中微生物压力指数降低效果最显著(p0.05).生物质炭对熟化红壤中真菌/细菌、革兰氏阴性菌/革兰氏阳性菌及微生物群落Shannon指数均无显著影响.PCA分析表明,土壤有机质含量以及生物质炭的种类和用量均会对土壤微生物群落结构产生一定影响,且生物质炭的影响与土壤有机质含量密切相关.

Effect of biochar on diversity of microbial community in soils contaminated with dibutyl phthalate

A 56-day incubation experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of biochar types (bamboo biochar and straw biochar) and application rates (0%, 0.5% and 2%) on the diversity of microbial community in two soils contaminated with dibutyl phthalate (DBP). Diversity of microbial community was analyzed by the phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA) method. The results showed that the bacterial PLFA, fungal PLFA and microbial community''s total PLFA of the high organic matter content soil was significantly (p<0.05) higher than those of the low organic matter soil. Bacterial PLFA, fungal PLFA and microbial community''s total PLFA of the high organic matter soil showed a significant (p<0.05) increase in the 2% straw biochar treatment, whereas a significant (p<0.05) reduction in the PLFA values of the low organic matter soil was observed in the bamboo biochar treatments. In the low organic matter soil, the ratio of Gram-negative bacteria/Gram-positive bacteria reached the highest level in the 2% straw biochar treatment, whereas the soil microbial community Shannon Index reached the lowest level in the 2% bamboo biochar treatment. The soil microbial stress level reached the lowest level in the 2% straw biochar treatment. The biochar type and application rate had no significant influence on the fungi-to-bacteria ratio, Gram-negative bacteria-to-Gram-positive bacteria ratio, and the microbial community Shannon Index in the soil with high organic matter content. Based on principal component analysis, biochar type and application rate could influence soil microbial community structure, which was closely related to the soil organic matter content.