中亚突厥语国家独立后的语言政策调整及背景因素分析

前苏联的哈萨克斯坦、吉尔吉斯斯坦、土库曼斯坦和乌兹别克斯坦等四个以突厥语民族为主体的中亚国家,自20世纪90年代初脱离前苏联宣布独立以来,各国在语言及文化政策方面进行了一系列调整和探索,折射出中亚各国在迈向现代国家进程中面临的复杂政治、历史和文化生态。其中,加强主体民族政治地位建构是其语言政策的主导方向,去苏联化和泛突厥化是其显著特点。同时,针对这一过程中出现的民族分歧冲突日益严重的形势,各国在具体政策上做了许多促进民族和睦和制止排斥、歧视非主体民族的调整。

On Language Policy Adjustments and the Background Factors since the Independence of Turkic Nations in Central Asia

The four Central Asian countries,Kazakhstan,Kyrgyzstan,Turkmenistan,and Uzbekistan, made a series of adjustment and exploration in language and culture policies after breaking away from the Soviet Union and declaring independence in the 1920s,which reflected the complicated political,historical and cultural ecology.To strengthen the construction of the main national political position is the dominant orientation,and de-Russia and Pan-Turkism are the outstanding characteristics.In view of the mounting threat...