黄瓤西瓜四倍体的诱导与鉴定

以优质黄瓤二倍体西瓜为材料诱导四倍体，采用剥滴法对幼苗生长点进行0.3％或0.4％秋水仙素处理，并对变异株进行形态学鉴定、流式细胞仪鉴定、杂交鉴定和品质鉴定，再经连续3季种植观察，获得了稳定的四倍体材料。试验结果表明，诱导四倍体最有效的处理是在播种后第8天剥除心叶，再用0.3％秋水仙素连续处理裸露的生长点6 d，可使幼苗成活率达80％以上，诱变率稳定在16％以上。再结合几种鉴定方法，可提高四倍体材料筛选的准确性。

Inducement and Identification of Yellow Flesh Tetraploid Watermelon

We induced tetraploid watermelon by treating the seedling growingpoints of yellow flesh diploid watermelon with 0.3% and 0.4% solution of colchicines.Autotetraploid plants were selected and identified on morphology,flow cytometry,hybridization and quality.After 3 successive quarters cultivation and observation,we gained a stable tetraploid.The results showed that the most effective treatment was extirpating interior-leaf at the 8th day after sowing,then treating the seedling growing points with 0.3% colchicine for 6 days.The survival rate of seedlings could reach over 80% and the induction frequency of tetraploid watermelon could be stabled above 16%.The treatment can improve the accuracy of selection high-quality tetraploid material combined with other identification methods.