外泌体在胰腺癌中的研究现状与进展

外泌体是一种双层脂质膜连接囊泡样小体,存在于各种体液中,参与细胞及肿瘤微环境之间的物质运输和信号传递。外泌体含有多种生物活性分子,包括脂质、蛋白质、DNA、mRNA以及非编码RNA,可以通过这些活性分子影响肿瘤的发生和发展,甚至可以影响肿瘤的治疗。胰腺癌是一种常见的恶性肿瘤,侵袭性强,预后较差,死亡率高。胰腺癌来源的外泌体是胰腺肿瘤微环境中的重要组成部分,促使胰腺癌细胞成功逃避细胞凋亡的重要因素,并且可以促进肝脏转移微环境的形成。近年来,与胰腺癌相关的外泌体逐渐成为新的研究热点,研究发现外泌体有望成为早期胰腺癌筛查的新型生物学标志,并将为胰腺癌靶向治疗提供可行的技术基础。

Research status and progress of exosomes in pancreatic cancer

Exosomes are lipid bilayer membrane-enclosed vesicles,confirmed in all bodily fluids.Exosomesare enriched in multiple bioactive molecule,including lipids,proteins,DNA,mRNA,as well asnon-coding RNA.Exosomes have emerged as an important tool for affecting tumorigenesis and tumor growth through these functional biomolecules,even as a potential drug delivery method.Pancreatic cancer,a common malignancy,poor prognosis and aggressive disease,is associated with a high mortality rate.Exosomes derived from pancreatic cancer are critical components in the tumor microenvironment.Exosomes have the capacity to protect pancreatic cancercells from apoptosis,and promote the formation of metastasis.Research on exosomes derived from pancreatic cancer and their functions is now a very exciting field.It is found that exosomes are expected to become a new biological marker of early pancreatic cancer,and will provide a viable technical basis for future targeted tumor therapy.