云南昆明地区正常人群骨矿密度研究

目的 了解本地区正常人群腰椎，髋部各部位骨密度（BMD）的年龄变化规律；建立当地骨矿密度正常值标准。方法 1998－2000年间，采用美国Lunar公司生产的Expert型双能骨密度仪（DEXA）测量年龄在20－90岁之间的706例正常人腰椎及股骨近端骨密度值。每10岁为1个年龄组，共分为男女各7个组。数据用SPSS统计软件包进行统计分析。结果 ①男女两性均于30－39岁达到骨峰值；此后随年龄的增长，骨矿密度逐渐开始下降（80岁以上组除外）。②第一腰椎的骨峰值较第四腰椎低（P＜0．01）；③80岁以上组骨密度出现反向增高，特别是在腰椎。结论 ①昆明的高海拔（1800－2000米）造成的低气压和缺氧环境以及云南人的身高和体重普遍较北方人低，造成其骨密度均值低于北方人；②昆明正常人群的骨密度明显高于成都。则可能是由于昆明日照时间（平均2522小时／年）较长的缘故；③80岁以上年龄组骨矿密度受到骨质退变、软组织钙化的影响，在诊断骨质疏松时，应同时检测两个以上区域；并参考同一受检区域不同部位的值。

Measurement and research on BMD with DEXA in people in Kunming area

Objective\ To study the change regularities of BMD values of lumbar spines and femur with increasing age, and provide useful reference data for the setting of normal BMD values in people of Yunnan province. Methods\ From 1998-2000,using dual energy X\|ray absorptiometry (DEXA), bone mineral density of lumbar spines and proximal femur in 706 healthy people liveing in Kunming was measured.All the subjects were divided into 7 groups according to their ages.The data were statistically analyzed with SPSS software by sex and site. Results\ In both males and females the peak bone mass (PBM) appeared at 30-39 years of age.Then the BMD began to decline gradually with increasing age.The PBM in females was equal to that in males.But at the age of 80,the peak values of BMD declined by 13.85% (femur) and 3.7%(L\-2-L\-4) in males, and by 19.6% (femur) and 19.9% (L\-2-L\-4) in females.The PBM of L\-1 was lower than that of L\-4( P <0.01). Conclusions\ The BMD values of lumbar spines and femur are correlated with both bone loss and degeneration.In diagnosis of osteoprosis one should refer to the BMD values of other areas and other parts of the skeleton.