颈动脉狭窄动物模型及经皮血管成开采主后的二维和彩色多普勒实验研究

目的： 评价二维和彩色多普勒对颈动脉狭窄及疗效判断的价值。方法：用球囊加血管环扎法建立犬颅外段颈动脉狭窄模型，对其在经皮血管成形术（PTAS）治疗前及治疗后即刻、1月、2月、3月行高频超声动态观察，并与同期DSA检查及病理检查结果比较，结果：（1）超声能准确确定动脉狭窄部位，范围，程度以及血流动力学改变。（2）PTAS治疗后，超声能观察支架位置形态，支架处管腔内径，彩色及频谱多普勒能观察支架内部及近远段血管内血流动力学改变，并根据血流动力学改变判断再狭窄的发生和狭窄程度。（3）PTAS术后，超声不清楚显支架内壁及腔内结构，支架内血流信号显示不丰满，结论：超声对颈动脉狭窄诊断及疗效判断有重要价值，是临床首选的无创检查方法。

Experimental Study of Carotid Stenosis with Ultrasonography before and after Percutaneous Transluminal Angioplasty and Stenting in Dogs

Objective To assess the value of gray-scale and color doppler ultrasonography to the diagnosis of carotid stenosis and the judgment of curative effect on it.Methods The model of extracranial carotid stenosis was established by balloon and vascular circumligation technique in7dogs.The carotid stenosis was observed with ultrasonography and DSA before and immediatly,1,2and3months after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and stenting(PTAS).Results The position,range,extent and hemodynamic chara-cters of the stenosis could be exactly determined by ultrasonography.The position of the stents and the inside diameter of carotid arte-ries where stents were could be observed by gray-scale ultrasound.Hemodynamic characters of blood flow through and beyond the stent could be detected by color doppler after PTAS.The occurrence and extent of restenosis were judged on the basis of the hemody-namic characters.The inner wall of the stents and the intraluminal structures could not be clearly observed by ultrasonography after PTAS.The signal of blood flow within the stents shown by color doppler was not abundant.Couclusions Ultrasonography is of value to diagnosis ing carotid stenosis and judging curative effect on it,and the first selective noninvasive method for diagnosing the stenosis.