高品质陆地棉棉铃发育特点

以高品质棉杂交种科棉3号、常规种科棉4号为供试品种(常规品质棉苏棉1]5为对照)，于2004-2005年测定棉铃的发育性状。结果表明，高品质棉与常规品质棉明显不同，前者铃较长、铃体积大、铃重高，棉铃最大直径与后者相似。科棉3号以花后10 d内铃长增长快于常规品质棉、科棉4号则以花后10 d、21~30 d快于常规品质棉；高品质棉铃最大直径的增长持续期短于常规品质棉，且花后10 d内增长慢；高品质棉在花后20 d内铃体积的增大高于常规品质棉，尤其以花后11~20 d增长更快；科棉3号在开花后10 d后铃重增长快于常规品质棉，科棉4号则表现在开花后20 d前快于常规品质棉。说明以铃长为重要指标进行高品质类型棉花品种选育、以棉铃体积和铃重提高为载体进行高产优质栽培调节是关键技术。

Boll Development Characteristics for High-Quality Upland Cotton Cultivars

The objective of this study was to investigate the boll development characteristics of high-quality cotton cultivars. Two cultivars of high quality upland cotton, including hybrid Kemian 3 and conventional Kemian 4, with the conventional fiber quality cultivar Sumian 15 as control were planted on the farm of Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Crops Genetics and Physiology of Yangzhou University from 2004 to 2005. The results showed that the boll development characteristics were different between high-quality upland cotton and the conventional cotton. In comparison to the control, high quality cotton had longer boll length, similar boll diameter, bigger boll volume and higher boll weight. Kemian 3 had faster increase of the boll length within 10 days post anthesis (DPA), Kemian 4 within both 10 days and 20 to 30 DPA, and both of high quality cotton had slower expansion of the boll diameter within 10 DPA, and shorter expansion period of boll diamete , as well as bigger increase of the boll volume within 20 DPA, especially from 10 to 20 DPA. The boll weight increase was higher after 10 DPA for Kemian 3, and before 20 DPA for Kemian 4. The results suggested that boll length is the important index for high quality fiber cotton breeding and developing bigger and high-weight bolls is the key way in the cultivation for high lint yield and good fiber quality.