通用桥式起重机驾驶员操作可靠度研究

为有效改善桥式起重机驾驶员的操作水平,通过分析和确定这种起重机的工作流程,建立驾驶员基本动作序列。采用第二代人因可靠性分析(HRA)模型,按正常工作状态与紧急工作状态2种情况,对驾驶员操作可靠度进行全面、定量的分析与研究。结果表明,驾驶员操作可靠度定量研究中,重要的是要考虑起重机机型和基本操作动作序列、工作状态、动作时间、人机工效、作业环境等复杂因素。建立驾驶室人机工效定量分析与评价机制,加强驾驶员专业教育培训及考核制度、改善工作环境等技术措施,从根本上提高驾驶员操作可靠度等级,才能符合起重机械安全的发展趋势。

Research on Performance Reliability of General Bridge Crane Driver

In order to improve the operation level of bridge crane drivers,through analysing work flow of general bridge crane,the basic action sequence of the driver was established.Performance reliability of the driver,under normal working condition or in an emergency,was analyzed and researched comprehensively and quantitatively using the second generation of HRA model.The results show that quantitative research on the driver's performance reliability should pay attention to the crane type and basic operation sequence,working state,action time,ergonomics,and work environment etc.Mechanism for ergonomics quantitative analysis and evaluation of the driver's cab should be established.Education training and examination system of the drivers should be strengthened.The working environment should be improved.These technical measures can improve the driver's performance reliability level and follow the development trend of crane safety.