基于弹性需求和动态定价的共享泊位分配

为解决共享车位管理中的车位分配与定价问题，本文考虑价格变化对于用户不同停车时长选择的影响，分析在不同停车收费标准下用户停车时长选择的概率，并采用多项式拟合得到精细化的共享停车需求价格弹性函数。进而，为实现停车场价格的动态调整与车位分配，以平台收益最大与用户步行距离最小为目标，构建基于弹性需求和动态定价的泊位分配非线性混合整数规划模型，并设计了遗传算法。最后，本文设计了包含3个停车场共1000个泊位、共享平台运营时长为3h的算例，对模型及算法加以验证，通过对比分析，基于弹性需求和动态定价的共享泊位分配方案相比于静态定价，实现平台收益增加19%且满足了大部分停车需求，说明动态定价下共享泊位分配模型及算法的有效性，为共享平台的车位管理提供了新思路。

Shared Berth Allocation Based on Elastic Demand and Dynamic Pricing

In order to solve the problem of parking space allocation and pricing in shared parking space management, this paper considered the influence of price changes on users'' choice of different parking duration, analyzed the probability of users'' choice of parking duration under different parking charging standards, and obtained a refined price elasticity function of shared parking demand by polynomial fitting. Furthermore, in order to realize the dynamic adjustment of parking lot price and parking space allocation, a MINLP (mixed integer nonlinear programming) model of parking space allocation based on elastic demand and dynamic pricing was constructed with the goal of maximizing platform revenue and minimizing user walking distance, and a genetic algorithm was designed. Finally, this paper designs an example that includes 3 parking lots with a total of 1000 berths, and the operation time of the shared platform is 3h, and verifies the model and algorithm. Through comparative analysis, compared with static pricing, the shared berth allocation scheme based on elastic demand and dynamic pricing achieves a 19% increase in platform revenue and meets most parking demands, which shows the effectiveness of the shared berth allocation model and algorithm under dynamic pricing, and provides a new idea for parking management of the shared platform.