基因型和环境对小麦种子活力的影响

为了明确环境、基因型及其互作对小麦种子活力的影响,以湖北省小麦区域试验三个试点的16个小麦新品种(系)为材料,对收获后的种子进行发芽率、幼苗干重及简易活力指数的计算并进行了统计分析,结果表明:(1)发芽率、幼苗干重及其简易活力指数在地点间、品种(系)间差异均达到了极显著水平,且品种(系)间的差异均比地点间的差异大,发芽率和简易活力指数的地点×品种(系)互作(GEI)间差异也达到了极显著水平。(2)发芽率和简易活力指数以武汉最高,且与其他地点的差异达极显著水平;而幼苗干重则以荆州最高,与武汉差异不显著。(3)鄂麦27和楚0805的发芽率较高,襄麦27和河科大9612的幼苗干重最高,而鄂麦27的简易活力指数最高。(4)简易活力指数与发芽率呈极显著正相关,与幼苗干重呈不显著的正相关,而发芽率与幼苗干重呈不显著的负相关。

Effects of Genotype and Environment on Wheat Seed Vigor

Environment (ENV), genotype (GEN) and their interaction (GEI) have critical effects on biological traits.The germination rate, seedling dry weight and simple vigor index of 16 wheat advanced lines from 3 locations (Wuhan, Jingzhou and Suizhou) of Hubei province regional trials were analyzed. The results were followed as (1) there were significant variations (P<0.01) among genotypes and location for germination rate,seedling dry weight and simple vigor index, and significant variations (P<0.01) in the interaction between genotype by locations for germination rate and simple vigor index. (2) Among three locations, Wuhan showed the highest germination rate and simple vigor index, and the differences of these two traits between Wuhan and other two locations were significant at 0.01 level. Seedling dry weight in Jingzhou was the highest, and its difference in Wuhan was not significant. (3) Multiple comparison among genotypes showed that germination rates of Emai 27 and Chu 0805 were higher, and seedling dry weight of Xiangmai 27 and Hekeda 9612 were bigger, and simple vigor index of Emai 27 was the highest. (4) High correlation coefficient (0.81, P<0.01) was observed between simple vigor index and germination rate, while correlations of others did not reach significant level. All results above provided theoretical basis for wheat breeding and seed vigor evaluation in Hubei Province.