螺旋CT在矽肺诊断中的价值

目的探讨螺旋CT在矽肺诊断中的价值。方法回顾性对比分析32例已确诊为矽肺病人的X线胸片与螺旋CT的影像表现。结果32例中20例螺旋CT显示有多发且分布密集的小矽结节（直径％10mm），而X线胸片显示12例，两者比较差异具有显著性（χ^2=4．00，P〈0．05）；直径〉10mm的融合结节和团块CT共检出12例，X线胸片检出9例，两者比较差异具有显著性（χ^=5．27，P〈0．05）。CT检出矽肺并发肺气肿11例，X线胸片检出6例；CT检出矽肺并发肺结核5例，X线胸片检出3例；CT检出矽肺并发纵隔和肺门淋巴结大或钙化21例，X线胸片检出15例。结论螺旋CT在矽肺大小结节的显示及并发症的检出上优于X线平片，对矽肺的正确、综合诊断具有重要价值。

SPIRAL CT SCAN IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF SILICOSIS

Objective To assess the value of spiral CT in the diagnosis of silicosis. Methods A retrospective comparison and analysis of plain films and spiral CT scan in 32 cases with confirmed diagnosis as silicosis were done. Results Multiple and close-set small nodules of less than 10 mm in diameter were found in 20 cases on CT, and in 12 case on plain films, the difference was significant （χ^2= 4.00,P〈0.05） ; For fusion nodules or bolus more than 10 mm in diameter were detected 12 cases by CT and nine cases by plain film, showing significant difference between the two examination methods （χ^2=5.27,P〈0.05）. Further more, the complications detected by spiral CT and chest radiography were as follows; emphysema was detected in 11 cases by CT and six by radiography; pulmonary tuberculosis was detected in five cases by spiral CT and three by radiography; lymph node enlargement or calcification in mediastinum or pulmonary hilus were detected 21 cases by CT and 15 by radiography. Conclusion Spiral CT is superior to radiography in detecting the silicotic nodule and complications, and it has a practical value in the diagnosis of this condition.