施氮处理下植物光合对沙质草地土壤呼吸的调控作用

本研究以科尔沁沙质草地为对象,探讨施氮对沙质草地土壤CO₂排放影响的光合调控机制.结果表明: 施氮可通过增加地上植物光合改变输送到地下的光合同化产物数量,进而对土壤呼吸速率产生调控作用.植物光合速率与土壤呼吸速率呈显著正相关,施氮后二者拟合函数斜率由0.236降至0.161,拟合方程截距差值(0.51 μmol·m^-2·s^-1)与施氮后夜间土壤呼吸速率提升值(0.52 μmol·m^-2·s^-1)相近.5—10月,施氮后光合速率改变值(比率)与土壤呼吸变化值(比率)呈显著正相关,偏相关分析显示,施氮后光合速率的改变值是影响土壤呼吸速率变化的有效解释因素(P<0.05).夜间土壤呼吸速率变化仍与地上植被活动存在重要联系,日均生态系统总光合是影响夜间土壤呼吸速率变化(ΔR_s)的重要因素(P<0.01).植物光合而非温度条件是影响施氮后土壤呼吸速率变化的主要因素,因而,结合植物光合的同化产物控制途径为施氮对土壤呼吸影响机制研究提供新的重要补充.

Role of photosynthesis in regulating soil respiration under nitrogen application in a sandy grassland

We examined the role of photosynthesis in regulating soil CO₂ emission under nitrogen enrichment in Keerqin sandy grassland. Results showed that nitrogen (N) application could affect soil respiration rate by altering the allocation of photosynthetic products to the belowground. Gross ecosystem photosynthesis rate (GEP) was positively correlated with soil respiration rate (R_s). Nitrogen application reduced slope of the fitting function from 0.236 to 0.161, with the equation intercept difference (0.51 μmol·m^-2·s^-1) being similar to the nighttime soil respiration rate increment (0.52 μmol·m^-2·s^-1). From May to October, the difference of photosynthetic rate (differential ratio) caused by nitrogen application was significantly correlated with that of soil respiration (differential ratio). Results from partial correlation confirmed the essential role of photosynthetic rate difference (ΔGEP) in driving soil respiration rate difference (ΔR_s) caused by nitrogen application. In the nighttime, soil respiration rate was affected by the aboveground vegetation activities in daytime. The daily mean GEP was an important factor affecting the nighttime soil respiration rate difference (ΔR_s) (P<0.01). Photosynthesis, rather than soil temperature, was the main factor affecting soil respiration rate difference (ΔR_s) under nitrogen application. Thus, the role of photosynthetic assimilation-regulating may provide a novel supplement for elucidating the responses of soil respiration to nitrogen enrichment.