上海市浦东新区不同作业类型职业人群BMI与饮食行为关系研究

目的对浦东新区不同作业类型职业人群饮食行为进行调查,试图揭示作业类型、超重肥胖和饮食行为之间的关系。方法采用PPS法选取浦东新区脑力作业和体力作业职业人群共计1200名,调查其饮食行为和超重肥胖状况。结果体力作业职业人群超重和肥胖比例分别为34.74%和17.91%,脑力作业人群超重肥胖比例分别为32.05%和16.02%,两类人群BMI分布差异无统计学意义;不同作业类型人群中饮食障碍倾向检出率检出分布不同,脑力作业人群饮食障碍倾向检出率40.37%高于体力作业33.18%(P<0.05);全职业人群和体力作业人群不同BMI组饮食障碍倾向检出率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);超重组脑力作业人群饮食障碍倾向检出率40.51%,高于体力作业人群的29.60%(P<0.05);以研究对象饮食障碍倾向检出情况为因变量,作业类型和BMI为自变量,进行多因素Logistic回归分析,结果显示作业类型和BMI均为影响研究对象饮食障碍倾向检出情况的独立因素。结论饮食障碍倾向与职业人群的体重分布存在关联,脑力作业人群饮食障碍倾向检出率高于体力作业人群,且肥胖人群比正常体重人群存在更为严重的饮食障碍倾向风险。

Study on the Association between BMI and Dietary Behavior among Manual/Mental Occupational Groups in Pudong New Area of Shanghai

Objective To investigate the dietary behaviors of different occupational groups in Pudong New Area and reveal the association among the types of job,dietary behaviors and BMI.Methods A questionnaire-based survey was conducted among 1200 occupational group selected from Pudong New Area of Shanghai through PPS sampling,i.e.probability proportionate to size.Results The overweight/obesity rates of occupational group engaging in manual labor were 34.74% and 17.91%,while that of mental labor were 32.05% and 16.02%,and there was no significant differences in the distribution of BMI values between the two groups.The distribution of eating disorders tendency rate in two types of job were significantly different and the rate of mental workers(40.37%)was higher than that of physical workers(33.18%)(P<0.05).There was a significantly difference in the distribution of eating disorders tendency rate between different BMI groups among the whole occupational group and physical workers(P<0.05).The distribution of eating disorders tendency rate in two types of job were significantly different among overweight group(mental 40.51% to physical 29.60%)(P<0.05).The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the types of job and the BMI values were independent influencing factors associated with the eating disorders tendency rate.Conclusion The tendency of eating disorders is related to the weight distribution of occupational groups.The rate of eating disorders in mental workers is higher than that in manual workers.Occupational group with obesity has more serious risk of eating disorders than normal weight group.