老年抑郁症病人述情障碍和人格特征的研究

目的探讨老年抑郁症病人的述情障碍和人格特征及两者间的关系。方法采用多伦多述情障碍量表（TAS）及明尼苏达多相个性调查问卷（MMPI）,分别对60例老年抑郁症病人（研究组）及60例健康者（对照组）测评,分析老年抑郁症病人的述情障碍和人格特征及两者间的关系。结果研究组TAS总分及因子Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅳ评分均高于对照组,因子Ⅲ评分低于对照组,差异均具有显著性（t=-2.392~8.809,P〈0.05）;其MMPI各临床量表中疑病、抑郁、癔症、精神病态、偏执、精神衰弱T分值均高于对照组,男性-女性化平均T分值低于对照组,差异均具有显著性（t=2.952~10.854,P〈0.05）;研究组TAS因子Ⅰ评分与抑郁、精神病态、偏执、精神衰弱T分值均呈正相关,因子Ⅳ评分与抑郁T分值呈负相关（r=-0.340~0.487,P〈0.05）。结论老年抑郁症病人有一定的人格基础,存在明显的述情障碍,并且两者密切相关。

ALEXITHYMIA AND PERSONALITY CHARACTERISTICS IN PATIENTS WITH SENILE MELANCHOLIA

Objective To study the alexithymia and personality characteristics and their relationship in patients with senile melancholia （SM）. Methods Using Toronto alexithymia scale （TAS） and Minnesota Multiphasic personality Inventory （MMPI） ,60 patients with SM （study group） and 60 healthy individuals （control group） were tested and measured, and the relationship between alexithymia and personality characteristics were analyzed. Results In the study group, the total score of TAS and scores of factors Ⅰ , Ⅱ ,and IV were higher, and score of factor Ⅲ was lower versus the control, the differences were significant （t=-2.392-8.809,P〈0.05）, and the MMPI scale scores of hypochondriasis, depression, hysteria, psychopathy, paranoia, and psychasthenia were higher than the control, and the score of feminization was lower （t = 2. 952 - 10. 854, P 〈 0.05） ; In the study group, the score of factor Ⅰ of TAS was positively correlated with depression, psychopathy, paranoid and psychasthenia, and factor Ⅳ was negatively correlated with depression （r=-0.340-0.487,P〈0.05）. Conclusion Senile melancholia patients have an unvarying personality characteristic and apparent alexithymia, these two manifestations are closely correlated.