顺铂诱导人胃癌细胞SGC7901和人肝癌细胞HepG2凋亡的细胞形态学变化的比较

目的观察顺铂诱导人胃腺癌细胞SGC7901和人肝癌细胞HepG2细胞凋亡的细胞形态学的异同并探讨其意义。方法用倒置显微镜、荧光显微镜、透射电镜观察细胞经顺铂处理后的形态学改变。采用流式细胞术研究CDDP对两株肿瘤细胞诱导凋亡中DNA含量的影响。结果经顺铂处理后，两株肿瘤细胞均表现出一些共同的凋亡形态学特征，如细胞及细胞核皱缩，微绒毛消失，细胞膜皱缩但完整，细胞内荧光强度增强。细胞超微结构变化如线粒体肿胀，胞质空泡化。但两者在细胞核形态方面表现出较大的差异；SGC7901表现为核染色质呈团块状或环状，聚集于核膜下；而HepG2主要表现为核碎裂、核膜崩解，核染色质呈梅花状散落在细胞中和一些细胞器通过细胞出芽裂解成由细胞膜包绕的凋亡小体并被周围细胞吞噬。在两者的流式细胞DNA的直方图上均检测到了亚二倍体峰。结论顺铂可诱导SGC7901和HepG2产生不同形态的细胞凋亡，其中SGC7901主要表现为核固缩，HepG2表现为核碎裂。这种差异具有重要的生理意义。

COMPARISON OF MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURE AND ULTRASTRUCTURE CHANGES OF APOPTOSIS OF SGC 7901 AND HEPG 2 CELL LINES INDUCED BY CISPLATIN

Objective To observe morphological feature and ultrastructure changes of apoptosis of human gastric carcinoma SGC-7901 and hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells induced by cisplatin(CDDP) and explore its meanings. Methods Morphological and ultrastructural changes of two different carcinoma cells were observed by light microscope, fluorescence microscope, transmission electron microscope, and DNA content of cells was analyzed by flow cytometry. Results After treatment with CDDP at the same condition, SGC-7901 and HepG2 cells showed some common typical morphological features, such as cellular shrinkage, chromatin condensation and an increase fluorescence intensity in cells. Changes of ultrastructure included loss of microvilli, chromatin condensation, swollen mitochondria and vacuolalization in cytoplasm were noted. However, nuclear morphology changed differently. Most of chromatin condensed at the nuclear periphery in SGC7901, showing a significant reduction of their fractal dimensions, however apoptotic bodies could be rarely found. Changes of HepG2 cells were characterized by much condensed nuclear fragmentation dispersed in nuclei, then formed the protruding patches, which eventually budded from the nucleus in sealed vesicles, then these apoptotic bodies were phagocytosed by resident tumor cells near by.Conclusion CDDP could induce apoptosis of two kinds of carcinoma cell lines with different morphological feature and ultrastructure changes. Apoptotic nuclear fragmentation occoured mainly in HepG2 while chromatin condensation mainly occoured in SGC7901. The differences between these two cell lines may be involved in the different pathways of the apoptosis.