住院患者对患者安全的认知现状及其影响因素分析

目的评估住院患者对患者安全的认知现状并探讨其相关影响因素。方法以自行设计的患者安全认知调查表对上海市某二级甲等医院822例住院患者进行调查。结果住院患者的安全认知总得分为63～116分,平均为(93.97±7.99)分;知识、态度及行为维度得分分别为(4.35±0.58)、(3.62±0.51)及(3.76±0.45)分,三者之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。不同教育背景、家庭人均收入、医疗保障方式、科室及健康状况患者的安全认知总得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同教育背景、家庭人均收入及信仰患者安全认知的知识维度得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同健康和感觉状况及科室患者安全认知的态度维度得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);是否手术或造影及不同医疗保障方式、科室和健康状况患者安全认知的行为维度得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论住院患者对患者安全认知的态度和行为水平低于其知识水平,因此有必要采取操作性更强的措施和方法深入开展患者安全教育,改善其安全态度和安全行为,从而实现患者安全的目标。

Investigation on Safety Cognition and Its Influencing Factors on Inpatients

Objective To evaluate the safety cognition of inpatients during hospitalizations and explore its influencing factors. Methods A total of 822 inpatients from a class II level B hospital in Shanghai were in- vestigated using a self-designed patient safety awareness survey. Results The total score and the average score were 63-116 and 93.97±7.99,respectively. The scores of knowledge aspect ,attitude aspect and be- havior aspect were 4.35±0.58,3.62±0.51 and 3.76±0.45,respectively. There were statistically different results among these three groups（P〈0.01）. There were significant differences in scores in the aspect of knowledge in patients with different education background, average house income and belief（P〈0.05）. There were significant differences in scores in the respect of safety cognition in health status, sensation dysfunction and affiliated departments of patients （P〈0.05）. Significant differences were also detected on the respects of whether undergoing surgery or angiography, varied health care approaches, health departments and status（P〈0.05）. Conclusion Patients with high levels of safety knowledge do not reflect the corresponding change in attitudes and behavior,so nursing staff should take more practical methods and measures to implement safety education for inpatients,improve their safety attitudes and behaviors so as to achieve patient safety goals.