通草类中药的药源调查和商品鉴定

指出当前全国药用的通草类中药共有7科23种植物的茎髓和叶柄髓。主要产地为四川、云南、贵州、湖南、陕西等省。对26个省(市、区)、香港地区和5个东亚和南亚国家药用的102件商品药材鉴定的结果,通草类中药的主流是小通草,约占70%,其中以喜马山旌节花和中国旌节花类小通草为最多,占整个小通草的60%。西南绣球类小通草资源丰富,产量大;棣棠花和青荚叶类小通草药材产量少。几版《中国药典》收载的通草(通脱木)商品药材不多,仅占全国整个通草类中药的20%,但占出境的8件商品的全部(韩国除外)。

Survey of Botanical Origin of Tongcao(Medulla Tetrapanacis) and Identification of Its Commercial Products

Through the investigation on botanical origin,output and sales of Togcao in producing areas,it has been proved that there are twenty two species of six families used as Tongcao.The medicinal parts are the pith of stems or petioles.The provinces featuring more species and larger output of Tongcao are Sichuan,Yunnan,Guizhou,Guangxi,Hunan and Shaanxi.A hundred and two pieces of commercial samples collected from twenty six provinces in China,Hongkong area,Japan,Malaysia,Thailand,Singapore and Republic of Korea have been identified,The result shows that both Xiaotongcao and Datongcao are called by the same name Tongcao.The main species is Xiaotongcao,which takes a proportion of 70% in Tongcao.And the Tongcao(Tetrapanax papyriferus,taking a proportion of 20%) as recorded in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia (1995 edition )is seldom used.