电线电缆用Al-Fe-Cu-0.25La-Zr耐热合金的导电性能

采用导电率测试仪、万能拉伸试验机、光学显微镜等分别测试了Al-Fe-Cu-0.25La-Zr合金的导电率、抗拉强度、伸长率等性能指标及显微组织,研究了电线电缆Al-Fe-Cu-0.25La-Zr合金在不同退火工艺下的导电性能与力学性能。结果表明,合金在350 ℃×2 h退火时达到导电率峰值62.8%IACS,抗拉强度为101.5 MPa,伸长率为32.4%;在300 ℃退火2 h时导电率达到62.1%IACS,抗拉强度为125.0 MPa,伸长率为13.4%。合金在300 ℃×(4~10) h退火期间,合金的导电率维持相对稳定,且高于350 ℃×(4~10) h,说明合金在300 ℃时具有更好的耐热稳定性。Al-Fe-Cu-0.25La-Zr合金最优的退火工艺为300 ℃×2 h,此工艺处理后的合金线材符合对电线电缆电学性能与力学性能的标准要求,且可以降低生产成本。

Electrical conductivity of heat-resistant Al-Fe-Cu-0 . 25 La-Zr alloy for electric wire and cable

In order to investigate the electrical conductivity and mechanical properties of the Al-Fe-Cu-0.25La-Zr alloy for electric wire and cable under different annealing processes, the microstructure and performance indexes such as electric conductivity, tensile strength and elongation were tested by means of conductivity tester, universal tensile testing machine and metallographic microscope, respectively. The results show that when annealed at 350 ℃ for 2 h, the peak value of electric conductivity of the alloy reaches 62.8%IACS, with the tensile strength of 101.5 MPa and the elongation of 32.4%. After annealing at 300 ℃ for 2 h, the electric conductivity of the alloy reaches 62.1%IACS, with the tensile strength of 125.0 MPa and the elongation of 13.4%. When annealed at 300 ℃ for 4-10 h, the electric conductivity of the alloy is relatively stable, and is higher than that when annealed at 350 ℃ for 4-10 h, indicating that the alloy has better thermal stability at 300 ℃. The optimal annealing process of the Al-Fe-Cu-0.25La-Zr alloy is 300 ℃×2 h, after treating by this process the alloy wire meets the requirements of electrical and mechanical properties of electric wire specified in the national standard and can reduce the production cost.