基于福建省中药资源普查的水生药用植物资源多样性分析

基于福建省第四次全国中药资源普查数据及相关资料，确定福建省水生药用植物种类，对其生活型分类、功效、地理成分及药用特点等进行统计分析。结果表明，福建省水生药用植物共59科137属251种，单子叶植物最多，优势科为禾本科和莎草科；水生类型以挺水植物居多，涉及151种；生活型以多年生草本和1年生草本为主，分别占总种数的59.76%和35.86%；科属的地理分布区类型以世界分布、热带分布为主；主要入药部位为全草类、根及根茎类；药性和药味方面，以性平、味甘类中药占比最高；功效方面，以清热药为主，占比达51.59%。福建省地域特色突出，水生药用植物资源较为丰富且多样性程度高，建议充分发挥资源优势，促进资源更新和升值。

Diversity of Aquatic Medicinal Plant Resources Based on Survey of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources in Fujian Province

Based on the data of fourth national survey of traditional Chinese medicine resources in Fujian province and relevant materials, the species of aquatic medicinal plant resources in Fujian province were determined, and the classification of life type, efficacy, geographical composition and medicinal characteristics were statistically analyzed. The results showed that there were 251 species of aquatic medicinal plants belonging to 59 families and 137 genera in Fujian province. The monocotyledonous plants were the most, , and the dominant families were Gramineae and Cyperaceae. The majority of aquatic medicinal plants were emergent plants, involving 151 species. The life forms were mainly perennial herbs and annual herbs, accounting for 59.76% and 35.86%, respectively. The geographical distribution types of the families and genera of aquatic medicinal plants were mainly global and tropical distribution. The medicinal parts were concentrated on the whole herbs, roots and rhizomes. In terms of property and taste, the majority of medicinal plants were mild in nature and sweet taste. In terms of efficacy, antipyretic drugs were the mainstay, accounting for 51.59%. Fujian province has prominent regional characteristics, and the aquatic medicinal plant resources are relatively rich and highly diversified.. But the holistic research, development and utilization are relatively weak. It is suggested to give full play to the advantages of resources and promote resource renewal and appreciation.