479株尿路感染病原菌分布及其耐药性分析

目的探讨尿路感染的病原菌分布及耐药情况，为临床合理用药提供依据。方法统计分析2008年1月1日至2008年12月31日间，本院门诊及住院患者的尿培养与药敏结果。结果2008年尿路感染病原菌共分离出479株，其中大肠埃希菌占40．3％，肺炎克雷伯菌10．4％，粪肠球菌8．6％，表皮葡萄球菌5．4％；真菌10．0％；药敏结果显示亚胺培南、阿米卡星、头胞他啶、头胞吡肟对革兰阴性菌敏感率较高；呋哺妥因和万古霉素对革兰阳性球菌敏感率较高（几乎100％）。结论泌尿系感染最多见的是大肠埃希氏菌，病原菌耐药严重，临床医生应重视尿培养检测，依据药敏报告合理地选用抗菌药物治疗。

Study of distribution and resistance status in 479 strains urinary system infections

Objective To study the distribution and drug resistance characteristic of pathogens in urinary tract infection and provide basis for clinicians to select antibiotics correctly. Methods To statistically analyze the results of cultivation and susceptibility test of patients, urine samples from out-patient clinic and inpatient department of the fifth affiliated hospital of sun-yat-sen university during 2005 to 2006. Results 479 strains pathogenic bacteria were cultivated from urinary tract infection during 2005 to 2006, Escherichia coli rated the first （ 40. 3% ）, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae （ 10. 4% ）, Enterocoecus faecium （ 8.6% ） Staphylococcus aureus （5.4%） and Fungi （ 10. 0% ）. Gram negative bacteria were sensitive to imipenem, amikacin, ceftazidime, cefepime;gram positive bacteria were sensitive to nitrofurantoin and vancomycin （nearly to 100% ）.Conclusion From 2005 to 2006 ,Escherichia coli are the major pathogens in urinary tract infection. Obviously, drug resistance are serious, clinical doctor should pay attention to the result of cultured urine, and make good choice of antibiotics from the drug sensitive test.