Bi2Te3基热电材料输运性质优化策略研究进展

随着能源需求的持续增长和不可再生资源的不断耗竭，世界各国高度关注新型能源的开发，同时也致力于提高工业废热的回收率和利用率。热电材料是一种能够实现热能和电能直接转换的固态介质，以其为核心的热电器件不含运动附件且不排放污染物，已在半导体制冷和局部热管理领域实现商业化，例如户外制冷机、车载冷柜、光电芯片和功率激光器的控温装置等。热电制冷非常适于小空间热源的主动冷却，可能成为下一代通讯和信息技术的热管理难题中唯一可行的解决方案。Bi2Te3基化合物作为近室温区兼具稳定理化性质和优异输运性质的热电材料，一直受到学术界和产业界的广泛关注。本文在概述热电材料研究背景和制备方法的基础上，从能带工程、声子散射工程、热变形工艺、结构低维化等方面对热电性能的优化方法进行了归纳，并对未来机遇进行了展望。

Research Progress on Optimization Strategies for Transport Properties of Bi2Te3-Based Thermoelectric Materials

With the increasing energy demand and the depletion of non-renewable resources, efforts have been made worldwide to develop new types of energy while also improving the recovery and utilization efficiency of industrial waste heat. Thermoelectric materials are solid-state mediums with capable of converting thermal energy into electrical energy directly. The thermoelectric devices which based on these materials do not contain moving accessories and do not emit pollutants, have been commercialized in the fields of semiconductor refrigeration and local thermal management, such as outdoor refrigerators, onboard coolers, temperature control devices for optoelectronic chips and power laser diodes and so on. Thermoelectric cooling is particularly suitable for active cooling of small-space heat sources and may become the only feasible solution to the thermal management challenges in the next generation of communication and information technology. Bi2Te3-based compounds, possessing stable physical and chemical properties as well as excellent transport properties in the near room temperature range, have attracted significant attention from the academic and industrial communities as thermoelectric materials. This review provided an overview of the research background of thermoelectric materials and summarized various technical strategies for optimizing thermoelectric performance, including band engineering, phonon scattering engineering, thermal deformation processing, and structural low-dimensionalization. Finally, the challenges and opportunities for future thermoelectric materials were prospected.