鸡枞菌多糖对急性酒精肝损伤小鼠超微病理结构及ADH2、ALDH2 mRNA表达的影响

目的:从小鼠肝脏超微病理结构及酒精代谢相关酶乙醇脱氢酶2(alcohol dehydrogenase 2,ADH2)、乙醛脱氢酶2(aldehyde dehydrogenase 2,ALDH2)的m RNA表达方面研究鸡枞菌多糖(refined polysaccharides from Termitomyces albuminosus,RPTA)对酒精所致小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用。方法:小鼠被随机分为空白对照组、模型对照组、药物对照组(联苯双酯组,150 mg/(kg·d))、RPTA各剂量组(1 00、200、400 mg/(kg·d)),连续灌胃30 d,空白对照组灌胃等量生理盐水。第31天,给予50%乙醇(12 m L/kg)建立动物急性肝损伤模型。12 h后处死,取小鼠肝脏分别观察肝组织超微结构变化,并采用荧光实时定量聚合酶链式反应(real time polymerase chain reaction,real time-PCR)法检测肝脏ADH2和ALDH2的m RNA表达。结果:超微结构观察结果表明,模型对照组小鼠肝脏细胞内可见大量脂滴,细胞核呈不规则形态,局部核膜凹陷严重,线粒体严重变形,线粒体嵴模糊,内质网严重肿胀,核糖体脱落;而RPTA小鼠肝细胞内上述病变有所改善,尤以高剂量组最佳。Real time-PCR结果表明,与空白对照组相比,模型对照组ADH2和ALDH2的m RNA表达量降低,而RPTA组随着剂量的增加ADH2和ALDH2 m RNA的表达逐渐升高。结论:RPTA可以上调ADH2和ALDH2 m RNA的表达,具有改善小鼠酒精性肝损伤状况的作用。

Effects of Polysaccharides from Termitomyces albuminosus on Pathological Liver Ultrastructure and Gene Expression in Mice with Alcoholic Liver Injury

Objective: The protective effect of refined polysaccharides from Termitomyces albuminosus (RPTA) on acute
alcoholic hepatic injury in mice was investigated by electron microscopic examination and real-time PCR. Methods: The
mice were randomly divided into blank control group, alcoholic control model group, bifendate (150 mg/(kg·d)) group and
RPTA (100, 200 and 400 mg/(kg·d)) groups. All the mice were administered with 50% alcohol (12 mL/kg) for 30 days
except for those in blank control group. Twelve hours after alcohol treatment, all mice were executed to assay changes
of hepatic ultrastructure, while the mRNA expression of ADH2 and ALDH2 in mice were analyzed by real-time PCR.
Results: Comparing with the blank control group, we found that in the alcoholic model group there were accumulations
of lipid droplets and glycogen and irregular nuclear membranes. Meanwhile, duplicative mitochondria were found injured
and indistinct, and the endoplasmic reticulum was expanded as well as the ribosomes were dropped off. In contrast, in the
RPTA treatment groups, the cardinal symptom gradually became better. Compared with the blank control group, the mRNA
expression of ADH2 and ALDH2 in the model group revealed an obvious decrease, but in the RPTA treatment groups
showed an increasing trend. Conclusion: RPTA plays an important role in protecting liver cells by promoting the mRNA
expression of ADH2 and ALDH2.