核电站γ辐射剂量仪校准实验室设备设计与研究

核电站在运行过程中需大量的辐射剂量仪，以确保人员和环境的安全。参考辐射是辐射剂量仪校准工作必备的条件，由于核电站运行过程中辐射剂量仪使用数量巨大，因此核电站通常建设γ校准实验室用于辐射剂量仪的校准检定工作。结合蒙特卡罗方法完成了⁶⁰Co单源照射装置和¹³⁷Cs多源照射装置的优化设计，并利用PTW空腔电离室对辐射场的散射比例和均匀性进行测量，结果表明，γ校准实验室的技术参数满足ISO4037标准要求，该设备经建标考核后可用于开展核电站γ辐射剂量仪的校准检定工作。

Design and Research of Calibration Laboratory Equipment for Gamma Radiation Dosimeter in Nuclear Power Plant

A large number of radiation dosimeter are needed in nuclear power plant to ensure the safety of personnel and environment. Reference radiation is a necessary condition for the calibration of radiation dosimeter. Due to the large number of radiation dosimeters used in nuclear power plant, gamma calibration laboratory is usually built for the calibration of radiation dosimeter in nuclear power plant. The optimal design of ⁶⁰Co single source irradiation facility and ¹³⁷Cs multi-source irradiation facility was completed by Monte Carlo method. The scattering ratio and uniformity of radiation field were measured by PTW cavity ionization chamber. The results show that the technical parameters of gamma calibration laboratory meet the requirements of ISO4037 standard, and the equipment can be used to carry out the calibration and verification of radiation dosimetes in nuclear power plant after the standard evaluation.