大学生健康素养相关知识及影响因素分析

了解大学生健康素养相关知识知晓情况及其影响因素,为提高该人群健康素养水平提供参考.方法 使用在2008版《中国居民健康素养调查问卷》基础上设计的大学生健康素养调查问卷,对东西南北中5个地区(南京、成都、广州、北京、西安)10所高校的850名大学生进行整群抽样问卷调查.结果 大学生健康素养知识总体知晓率为15.3%,基本健康知识与理念、健康生活方式与行为、基本健康技能的知晓率分别为41.9%,10.0%,55.9%,安全与急救、基本医疗、传染病防治、科学健康观、慢性病防治知识的知晓率分别为60.2%,48.4%,24.1%,20.9%,1.6%.多因素Logistic回归分析显示,医学专业(OR=5.016)、对健康知识关心(OR=1.945)和获取健康知识容易(OR=2.547)的大学生健康知识的总体知晓率水平较高(P值均<0.05).结论 大学生的健康素养尚处于较低水平,尤其是在健康生活方式与行为和慢性病防治知识方面较差.应开展形式多样的健康素养教育,提高大学生的健康素养水平.

Health literacy and its influencing factors among university students

Objective To realize the status of the health literacy and its influencing factors among university students,and to provide reference for improvement of the level of health literacy.Methods Based on the questionnaire of Chinese citizens' health literacy in 2008,a questionnaire of university students' health literacy was designed,covering 850 university students drawn from 10 universities in 5 areas(Nanjing,Chengdu,Guangzhou,Beijing and Xi'an).Results 15.3% university students had health literacy;the rates of students who had met the health literacy criteria on basic health knowledge and concepts,health lifestyles and behaviors,and health basic skills were 41.9%,10.0% and 55.9% respectively;the rates of safety and emergency,basic medical care,prevention and cure of infectious diseases,scientific view of health and prevention and cure of chronic diseases were 60.2%,48.4%,24.1%,20.9% and 1.6% respectively.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis represented that university students who are in the medical profession(OR=5.016),care of health knowledge (OR=1.945) and access to health knowledge easier (OR=2.547)had higher level of health literacy(P<0.05).Conclusion The level of university students' total health literacy is still low,especially in health lifestyles and behaviors as well as prevention and cure of chronic diseases.Thus,the universities' educators should develop various and diverse health literacy education to improve their health literacy levels.