炮制对淡附子中3种双酯型生物碱及其水解产物的影响

目的:研究浸漂、煮制、盐制等炮制工序对淡附子所含的3种双酯型生物碱及其水解产物含量的影响。方法:按中国药典炮制淡附子,采用高效液相色谱法测定其3种双酯型生物碱、3种单酯型生物碱和苯甲酸的含量,并与盐附子浸漂对照饮片、清水煮制对照饮片进行比较。结果:盐附子浸漂后,3种双酯型生物碱总量、3种单酯型生物碱总量和苯甲酸含量均降低,各类成分含量降低率为55%~90%。煮制后,淡附子和清水煮制对照饮片中的3种双酯型生物碱总量分别降低了95%、93%;3种单酯型生物碱总量分别升高了0.5倍~1.8倍、2倍~3倍;苯甲酸含量虽然分别降低了65%~75%、55%~60%,但其含量却高于盐附子浸漂对照饮片。结论:在制备淡附子时,浸漂工序除去盐分的同时,其成分也大量流失;煮制过程中双酯型生物碱发生水解,甘草、黑豆煮制对双酯型生物碱及其水解产物含量的影响与清水煮制有显著差别。

The Influence of Preparation on Three Kinds of Double-Ester Alkaloids and Their Hydrolysis Products of Fuzi

Objective:To study the influence of immersion,decocting,salt-produced on three kinds of double-ester alkaloids and their hydrolysis products of Fuzi (Radix Aconiti Lateralis Praeparata).Methods:According to Chinese Pharmacopoeia,Fuzi is processed.The contents of three kinds of its double-ester alkaloids and three kinds of mono-ester alkaloids and benzoic acid are measured by using high-performance liquid chromatographic method.Salt-immersed Fuzi is compared with slice,and water-decocted Fuzi is also compared with slice.Results:After salt-produced Fuzi is immersed,the total number of three kinds of double-ester alkaloids and three kinds of mono-ester alkaloids and the content of benzoic acid are all reduced.The reducing rate of each ingredient's content is between 55％ and 90％.After being decocted by water,the total number of three kinds of double-ester alkaloids of light Fuzi slice and water-decocted Fuzi has reduced by 95％ and 93％ respectively;Three kinds of mono-ester alkaloids total number has increased by between 0.5 to 1.8 times,between 2 and 3 times respectively;The content of benzoic acid has reduced by between 65％ and 75％,55％ and 60％ respectively,which is higher than that of salt-produced Fuzi slice.Conclusion:When preparing light Fuzi,immersion not only removes salt ingredient,but also makes its other ingredients lose greatly.During decocting process,double-ester alkaloids leads to hydrolysis.Gancao (Radix et Rhizoma Glycyrrhizae) and Heidou (Semen Sojae Nigrum) have obviously different influences on the contents of double-ester alkaloids and their hydrolysis products,and water-produced Fuzi.