脉冲X射线次级标准电离室研制及量传技术研究

为解决脉冲X射线参考辐射场剂量准确定值及校准的技术难题，本文结合理论计算、蒙特卡罗模拟和实验的方法研制了脉冲X射线次级标准电离室并建立了ms级脉冲X射线参考辐射场，开展了主动式电离辐射剂量仪的脉冲X射线响应测试工作。实验结果表明，目前在售主流主动式剂量计的脉冲剂量响应偏低甚至给出错误读数，不适用于短脉冲、高剂量率辐射场的剂量测量和预警，会对人员安全造成较大隐患，因此应研发适用于脉冲X射线的主动式电离辐射剂量仪并推广脉冲X射线计量校准工作。

Study on Pulsed X Ray Secondary Standard Ionization Chamber and Calibration Technology

In order to measure the dose of pulsed X ray reference radiation field, the theoretical calculation, Monte Carlo simulation and experiment method were used to develop a secondary standard ionization chamber for millisecond pulsed X ray. A pulsed X ray reference radiation field was built based on a millisecond pulsed X ray machine, and pulsed response characteristics experiment of active ionization radiation dosimeter was carried out. From the experimental data, it can be seen that the mainstream active dosimeters currently sold have low pulsed dose response and give false readings, which are not suitable for short pulse and high dose rate of radiation measurement and early warning. They will cause safety trouble to personal, so we should develop active ionization radiation dosimeter suitable for pulsed X ray and popularize pulsed X ray calibration.