二嗪磷对鸟类脑组织乙酰胆碱酯酶活性的影响

为了初步研究有机磷农药二嗪磷对鸟类的毒性作用,采用室内饲喂染毒的方法,分析了二嗪磷对鹌鹑、鹧鸪及斑鸠3种鸟脑组织乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)活性的影响。鹌鹑、鹧鸪采用经食饲喂,染毒剂量分别为0、40、80、160、320、600mg·kg-1饲料和0、400、800、1600、3200、6000mg·kg-1饲料,试验周期8d;斑鸠采用拌种饲喂(1mL50%二嗪磷乳油拌500g麦种),染毒剂量为0、1.2、2.0、4.0、8.0mg·kg-1体重,一次性染毒后进行常规饲养,试验周期15d。结果表明,二嗪磷对3种鸟脑组织AChE活性均有一定程度的抑制作用:各染毒组死亡鸟AChE活性较对照降低显著(p<0.05,p<0.01),活性抑制率均超过40%;各染毒组存活鸟AChE活性较对照也有所降低,但活性抑制率均未超过20%.以上结果提示,抑制脑组织AChE活性可能是二嗪磷致鸟类死亡的重要原因。

Effects of Diazinon on Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) Activity in Bird Brain

To explore the toxic effects of diazinon on birds,avian oral and dietary toxicity test methods were applied to determine the effects of diazinon on AChE activities in the brain of three species of birds(quail,partridge and culver).In the test,quails and partridges were administered with forages treated with a series of concentrations of diazinon,and the exposure doses were 0、40、80、160、320、600mg·kg-1diet and 0、400、800、1600、3200、6000mg·kg-1diet,respectively.The quail experiment and the partridge experiment both lasted for 8 days.Culvers were exposed to diazinon by single oral gavage,and the exposure doses were 0、1.2、2.0、4.0、8.0mg·kg-1body weight.The culver experiment lasted for 15 days.Results showed that AChE activities in the brain of three kinds of birds were inhibited by diazinon to a certain extent:Compared with the control,the AChE activities of the dead birds in the exposure groups were significantly decreased(p<0.05,p<0.01),and the inhibition rates were all more than 40 percent.The AChE activities of the survival birds in the exposure groups were all decreased,but the differences were not significant(p>0.05),and the inhibition rates were all less than 20 percent.The results implied that the inhibition of diazinon on AChE activities was one of the important causes for the death of birds.