一流本科教育的形成——从政策驱动到认知重塑

在“双一流”建设的背景下,如何实现一流的本科教育成为各界共同关注的问题。作为一种声誉体现和发展目标,一流的人才培养体系的建设也被认为是高等教育改革的重要构成部分。由于历史与制度的惯性,人们一直渴望由政策效应来激励本科教育质量的提升。但实际上这种形式强化了本科教育改革对政策的依赖,各种利益主体的改革动机一直处于被动状态,所以相关的政策出台十分频繁。不论是对研究型大学本科教育形式的模仿,还是到今天各种本科专业的建设工程,高质量的人才培养活动离不开认知的整合,需要依照本科教育的特性来展开。从更广泛的角度来看,利益主体的认知对本科教育质量提升的影响更大。一流本科教育的塑造是长期且持续的过程,优质的本科教育形成意味着认知状态的变革,高质量的人才培养不能凭借行为控制和科层绩效来实现,重新变革认知结合更广泛的社会资源才是实现一流本科教育的未来出路。

Formation of First-class Undergraduate Education: From Policy-driven to Cognitive Reshaping

Under the background of"double first-class"construction,how to realize first-class undergraduate education has become a common concern of all circles.As a reputation embodiment and development goal,the construction of first-class personnel training system is also considered as an important part of higher education reform.Due to the historical and institutional inertia,people are always eager to improve the quality of undergraduate education through policy effect.However,in fact,this form has strengthened the dependence of undergraduate education reform on policies.The reform motivation of various interest subjects has been in a passive state,so relevant policies are issued frequently.No matter it is the imitation of the undergraduate education form of research university,or the construction project of various undergraduate majors up to now,high-quality talent training activities cannot be separated from the integration of cognition,which needs to be carried out according to the characteristics of undergraduate education.From a broader perspective,the cognition of interest subjects has a greater impact on the improvement of undergraduate education quality.The shaping of first-class undergraduate education is a long-term and continuous process.The formation of high-quality undergraduate education means the change of cognitive state.High-quality talent cultivation cannot be realized by behavior control and hierarchy performance.