我院临床致病菌分布及耐药性分析

目的:分析临床致病菌的分布和耐药特性,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法:采用细菌培养、分离和鉴别以及K-B纸片扩散法对分离菌进行药敏检测。结果:常见的菌株在痰标本中以肺炎克雷伯菌、铜绿假单胞菌为多见;尿液标本中以肠球菌属、大肠埃希菌为多见;粪便标本中以福氏志贺菌为主。在大多数科室送检的痰标本中均检出铜绿假单胞菌。结论:MRSA和MRCNS对β内酰胺类、氨基糖苷类和喹诺酮类抗菌药物较MSSA和MSCNS耐药,耐-药率>80%;产ESBLs菌株对包括头孢吡肟、头孢噻肟、头孢他啶等β内酰胺类及氨基糖苷类、喹诺酮类抗菌药物的-耐药率高于ESBLs阴性株;头孢他啶对铜绿假单胞菌作用优于头孢噻肟,未发现万古霉素和替考拉宁的耐药株。

Analysis of Clinical Common Pathogenic Bacteria and Their Drug Resistance

Objective：To analyze the distribution and drug resistance of clincal common pathogenic bacterium,and to provide some imformation for clinic rational use.Methods：The bacteria were separated by bacterial culture and the drug resistance test was conducted using K-B method.Results：The pathogens in sputum specimens were the commonest bacteria：Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa;the pathogens in urine specimen were the commonest bacteria：Enterococcus and Escherichia coli and the commonest bacteria were Shigella flexneri in feces specimens.Pseudomonas aeruginosa were detected in sputum specimens at most of the department.Conclusion：The drug sensitivity showed that methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus （MSSA） and methicillin susceptible coagulase negative staphylococcus （MSCNS） were more sensitive to β-lactams,aminoglycosides and quinolones than methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus （MRSA） and methieillin-resistant coagulase-negative Sraphylococci（MRCNS）;the rate of drug resistance of MRSA and MRCNS were both more than 80%;the rate of drug resistance of ESBLs positive strains to resistant to β-lactams （including cefepime,cefotaxime and ceftazidime）,aminoglycosides and quinolones were higher ESBLs negative strains,the antibacterial effect of ceftazidime to Pseudomonas aeruginosa was higher than cefotaxime.In addition,the resistance to vancomycin and teicoplanin has not been found.