硒与重金属互作的植物根际过程研究进展

文章归纳了根际环境中硒与重金属的相互作用及其机理,明确了根际土壤中硒和重金属的主要形态及其影响因素。探讨了根际微环境对硒与重金属的影响,并详细叙述了硒与重金属元素的直接互作,以及通过根表铁膜、土壤固相、Eh、pH、根际微生物、根系分泌物等因素发生的间接互作。分析了根际微域中引起硒或重金属形态转化及其含量变化的土壤理化因子,并在此基础上,指出未来硒与土壤重金属互作的研究可向根际微环境深入,建议结合色谱、高通量测序等技术研究根系分泌物、根际微生物群落结构特征等在硒与重金属互作过程中的作用。同时指出,将硒与重金属互作研究成果应用于重金属污染农田土壤治理,既有助于拓展硒在农业生态环境中的应用领域,也为重金属污染农田的绿色修复提供新思路和新方法。

The Interaction of Selenium and Heavy Metals in Rhizosphere Soil: Research Progress

The interaction and mechanism of selenium and heavy metals in the rhizosphere environment were summarized, the main forms and influencing factors of selenium and heavy metals in the rhizosphere were clarified, and the effects of the rhizosphere environment on the selenium and heavy metals were discussed. Direct interaction between selenium and heavy metals and indirect interaction between them through environmental factors such as iron plaque, soil solid phase, Eh, pH, rhizosphere microorganism, and root exudates were described in detail, and the physical and chemical factors of soil causing the change of morphological transformation and content of selenium and heavy metals in the rhizosphere were analyzed. On this basis, it is pointed out that the research on the interaction between selenium and heavy metals in soil should focus on the rhizosphere environment, and the role of root exudates and rhizosphere microbial community structure characteristics in the interaction between selenium and heavy metals should be studied by combining techniques such as chromatography and high-throughput sequencing. At the same time, it is suggested that applying the research results of the interaction between selenium and heavy metals to the heavy metals contaminated farmland will not only expand the application of selenium in the agricultural ecological environment but also provide new methods for the green restoration of heavy metal contaminated farmland.