MRI对乳腺导管内乳头状瘤的早期诊断价值

目的：分析乳腺导管内乳头状瘤的磁共振成像(MRI)特征,提高对乳腺导管内乳头状瘤早期诊断的认识。方法回顾性分析本院因乳头溢液及疼痛就诊而临床触诊阴性、超声及钼靶 X 线检查未见明确病灶的8例患者,经手术证实为乳腺导管内乳头状瘤的术前 MRI 图像———T2 WI 脂肪抑制(T2 WI-SPAIR)、扩散加权成像(DWI)、表观扩散系数(ADC)、时间-信号强度曲线(TIC)、最大密度投影(MIP),并与术后病理对照,总结其早期病变的形态、分布、信号特点以及内部强化特征。结果8例乳腺导管内乳头状瘤患者病变隐匿,MRI 表现分为3类：(1)隐匿型导管内乳头状瘤,仅见大导管扩张、未见明确实性结节3例(占37.5%)；(2)条形扩张导管内见实性微小结节型3例(占37.5%)；(3)沿乳腺末梢导管散在分布类圆形小结节型2例(占25%),结节最大径约0.4~1.0 cm,平均0.7 cm。导管内乳头状瘤早期表现多为隐匿型及条形扩张导管内实性微小结节型,占75%。病灶 T2 WI-SPAIR 以等信号、等/高混杂信号为主,呈导管样强化,ADC 值及动态增强 TIC 表现多样性,其诊断需结合形态学及伴随征象。结论乳腺导管内乳头状瘤早期病变隐匿,MRI 可以敏感检出并定位,并对病灶的形态及功能成像具有优势,可为临床确诊及早期治疗提供一定参考价值。

Early diagnostic value of MRI for intraductal papilloma of the breast

Objective To analyze MRI features of breast intraductal papilloma,to improve the acquaintance of this disease.Methods The preoperative MRI images (T2 WI-SPAIR,DWI,ADC,TIC and MIP)of eight patients with breast intraductal papilloma confirmed by surgery were reviewed retrospectively,which were compared with the postoperative pathology.The morphology,distribution, enhanced methods and signal characteristics of the lesion were summarized.Results Of 8 cases,the lession was dormant,and MRI revealed three patterns:the first type was occult papilloma,which presented distention of ducts and no solid nodule in 3 cases (37.5%);the second type showed tiny nodules in bar-like dilatation of ducts in 3 cases (37.5%);and the third type presented small round nodules scattering distribued in terminal ductules in 2 cases (25%).The maximum diameter of nodular lesions was 0.4-1.0 cm(average 0.7 cm).The lesions on T2 WI-SPAIR showed equal signal intensity or mixed signals with isointensity/hypointensity,and dilatation catheter.enhancement. The ADC and TIC value were various,therefore,diagnosis of the tumor should be combined with morphology and associated symptoms. Conclusion At early stage,the occult focus of breast intraductal papilloma can be sensitively detected and localized on MRI.It reveals that MRI has advantage in showing morphology of lesion and functional imaging,which is of important value in clinical diagnosis and early treatment.