从EDN1、NOS2A基因筛选预测HiHiLo训练效果的分子标记

目的:拟从EDN1及NOS2A基因的多态性位点中筛选出与HiHiLo(高住高练低训)训练效果相关的分子标记,为帮助制定个性化的低氧训练方案提供理论参考。方法:采用Association-Study研究方法,测定、分析了72名我国北方地区汉族健康男性青年30天HiHi-Lo训练前后有氧运动能力、心功能变化率与EDN1、NOS2A基因多态性的关联性。HiHiLo训练方案包括每晚10h低氧环境(14.3%～14.8%含氧量)暴露、每周3次30 min75%VO2max强度的低氧运动和日常的体育锻炼。有氧运动能力指标包括递增负荷功率车运动中测定的最大耗氧量、固定负荷血乳酸以及低氧训练中的血氧饱和度,心功能指标包括彩色多普勒测定的安静及三级固定负荷(50 W→100 W→150 W)功率车运动3min后的心脏结构与功能指标。基因多态性选取了EDN1基因外显子SNP/rs5370、rs1800997和3’端rs4714383,NOS2A基因启动子区STR(CCTTT)n和内含子SNP/rs2248814。结果:1)经过30天HiHiLo训练后,EDN1基因SNP/rs1800997的3A/3A基因型人群在安静状态下左心室心肌收缩力提高程度显著优于含4A等位基因的基因型人群,SNP/rs4714383的CC基因型人群运动中左心室泵功能改善程度显著优于含T等位基因的基因型人群;2)NOS2A基因STR(CCTTT)n上2个等位基因n值之和与VO2max提高率显著正相关,SNP/rs2779249的GT基因型人群固定负荷运动中心脏机能节省化水平提高的程度显著大于GG基因型人群。结论:在我国北方汉族男性人群中,EDN1基因SNP/rs1800997、rs4714383和rs2779249的3A/3A、CC和GT基因型携带者HiHiLo训练后心功能提高效果较好;NOS2A基因STR(CCTTT)n基因座上2个等位基因n值均较大的基因型携带者HiHiLo训练后VO2max提高效果较好。

Research on Genetic Markers for HiHiLo Training Response in EDN1 and NOS2A Genes

Objective:To study the association of 5 polymorphisms in EDN1 and NOS2A genes with HiHiLo(living high,exercise high and training low)training response in order to find genetic markers for predicting HiHiLo training effect.Methods:A cohort of 72 young male amateur athletes was recruited to a 30 days HiHiLo training project.The project included exposing to 14.3～14.8% O2 enviorment 10 hours per day,30 minutes 75%V·O2max intensity ergometer exercise 3 times per week and routine training at sea level as usual.All of the subjects were North Han nationality of China.The phenotype parameters of aerobic capacity and cardiac function were measured before and after HiHiLo training.The aerobic capacity indexes includ V·O2max,lactate during 150W exercise and SpO2 during hypoxic training.The cardiac function was detected under rest and during 3-fixed-loads-exercise.Association was observed between the change of phenotype parameters and polymorphisms including SNP/rs5370,rs1800997 and rs4714383 in EDN1 gene,and STR(CCTTT)n and SNP/rs2248814 in NOS2A gene.Main Results:After 30 days of HiHiLo training,1) the decrease of ESV at rest in EDN1 SNP/rs1800997 3A/3A genotype carriers was significately more than that of 4A allele carriers.The increase of EDV during fixed-load exercise in EDN1 SNP/ rs4714383 CC genotype carriers was significantely higher than that in T allele carriers.2) The n value of NOS2A STR(CCTTT)n showed significantely positive linear correlation with V·O2max improvement.The decrease of CO and COI during fixed-load exercise in NOS2A SNP/rs2779249 GT genotype carriers was significantely more than that in GG genotype carriers.Conclusion:Among men of Han Nationality in North China,1) the 3A/3A,CC and GT genotypes of SNP/rs1800997,rs4714383 and rs2779249 in EDN1 gene are genetic markers for better cardiac function response to HiHiLo training.2) The larger n value of STR(CCTTT)n in NOS2A gene is the genetic markers for better V·O2max improvement after HiHiLo training.