基于主成分及聚类分析的不同产地红枣功能成分品质分析

目的 比较不同产地的红枣功能成分品质差异。方法 选取新疆不同产地的12个红枣原料,对其多酚、总糖、总黄酮、皂甙、环磷酸腺苷和维生素C含量进行测定,通过主成分分析和聚类分析对红枣功能成分的品质进行综合评价。结果 多酚含量排名前三的红枣产地分别是伊吾县、和田县和沙雅县,总糖含量排名前三的红枣产地分别是伊吾县、若羌县和莎车县,总黄酮含量排名前三的红枣产地分别是伊吾县、巴楚县和沙雅县,皂苷含量排名前三的红枣产地分别是麦盖提县、莎车县和轮台县,环磷酸腺苷含量排名前三的红枣产地分别是和田县、麦盖提县和疏勒县,Vc含量排名前三的红枣产地分别是疏勒县、图木舒克市和阿拉尔市。红枣功能成分指标评价可简化为4个主成分,累积方差贡献率达到92.359%。根据功能成分的综合得分,功能成分综合品质排名前三的红枣产地是伊吾县、沙雅县、麦盖提县。当欧氏距离为15时,12个产地红枣按功能成分可以分为三类。结论 基于主成分分析和聚类分析分析不同产地红枣品质的方法,具有简便、科学、有效的优势。

Quality analysis of functional components of jujube from different producing areas by principal component analysis and cluster analysis

Objective To compare the quality differences of functional components in different producing areas of Chinese jujube. Methods Twelve jujube materials from different habitats in Xinjiang were selected to determine the content of polyphenols, total sugars, total flavonoids, saponins, cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and vitamin C. The quality of functional components of jujube were comprehensively evaluated by principal component analysis and cluster analysis. Results The sample areas of top 3 polyphenols were Yiwu County, Hotan County and Xayar County, top 3 total sugars were Yiwu County, Ruoqiang County and Yarkant County, top 3 total flavonoids were Yiwu County, Maralbexi County and Xayar County, top 3 total saponins were Makit County, Yarkant County and Luntai County, top 3 cyclic AMP were Xayar County, Makit County and Shule County, top 3 vitamin C were Shule County, Tumxuk City and Aral City, respectively. The department of functional component evaluation of jujube was simplified to 4 principal components, and the contribution rate of cumulative variance was 92.359%. According to the comprehensive score of the functional components, the top 3 producing areas of the functional components were Yiwu County, Xayar County and Makit County. When the Euclidean distance was 15, the jujube of 12 producing areas could be divided into 3 types according to the functional components. Conclusion The analysis method based on principal component analysis and cluster analysis is simple, scientific and effective, which can be used to analyze the quality of jujube from different producing areas.