含磷单体/碳纳米管阻燃改性不饱和聚酯复合材料的制备及其性能研究

以三氯氧磷、苯酚和丙烯酸羟乙酯为原料合成了含磷阻燃单体(DPHE),并作为反应型阻燃剂通过自由基共聚,将其引入不饱和聚酯树脂中,同时添加多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs),制备不同组分的不饱和聚酯复合材料。采用极限氧指数、UL-94垂直燃烧法表征材料的燃烧性能并评定燃烧等级;通过锥形量热测试数据对材料燃烧过程中的热释放进行研究,结果显示,阻燃不饱和聚酯具有更低的热释放速率峰值(PHRR)和总热释放量(THR)。此外,采用热重分析(TGA)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分别对材料的热降解性能和炭渣形貌进行研究,阐明了含磷阻燃单体和多壁碳纳米管的阻燃机理。

Preparation, flame retardancy and thermal property of unsaturated polyester resin modified with a reactive phosphorus-containing monomer and carbon nanotubes

A reactive phosphorus-containing monomer (DPHE), synthesized by the reaction of phosphorus oxychloride, phenol and hydroxyethyl acrylate, was incorporated into unsaturated polyester by radical bulk polymerization as a reactive flame retardant together with multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), and samples with different components were obtained. The combustion property of unsaturated polyester composites was investigated by limiting oxygen index (LOI) and vertical burning test (UL-94). And cone calorimetry test was employed to evaluate the heat release during combustion. The results showed that the peak heat release rate (PHRR) and total heat release (THR) of modified materials were lower than those of pure sample. Moreover, the thermal degradation behaviors and the morphology of char residue of materials were characterized by thermaogravimetric analysis (TGA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively, and the flame-retardant mechanism has been inferred.