中英抗癌药政策比较研究

本文在抗癌药相关舆论高涨带来的政策窗口期,重点分析了中英两国的抗癌药政策。基于不同国家体制,对英国抗癌药政策的分析从药品价格管理、癌症药物基金和仿制药管理这三个方面展开;对我国抗癌药政策的分析则从药品价格谈判、医保支付、税收、鼓励优质仿制药的研发以及提高国内企业创新能力五方面分别进行。通过两国之间的政策比较,本文认为减轻癌症患者的经济负担主要有四种方法:一是控制昂贵抗癌药的价格,二是由国家承担一部分治疗费用,三是鼓励研发优质仿制药,四是提高本国药品自主研发能力。在文章最后提出我国抗癌药政策的制定要基于循证决策、引入卫生技术评估、保证医保目录动态调整、提高仿制药研发能力和质量、提高药品自主创新研发能力等政策建议。

Comparative study of Sino-British cancer drug policies

As the policy window period brought by the upsurge of public opinion on cancer drugs become more obvious, this paper mainly analyzes the policies on cancer drugs in China and Britain. Since the state systems are different between the two countries, the analysis of British cancer drug policy includes drug price management, cancer drugs fund (CDF) that directly supervises the use of drugs by cancer patients, and generic drug management. The analysis of China''s cancer drug policy includes drug price negotiation, medical insurance payment, taxation of cancer drugs, promotion of high-quality generic drugs research and development, and improvement of the innovation ability of domestic enterprises. Through the policy comparison between the two countries, this paper believes that there are four main ways to reduce the economic burden of cancer patients:the first is to control the price of expensive cancer drugs, the second is to undertake part of the cost of treatment by the government, the third is to encourage the development of high-quality generic drugs, and the fourth is to improve the independent research and development ability of domestic drugs. In addition, five policy recommendations are put forward in this paper, including evidence-based decision making, introduction of health technology evaluation, dynamic adjustment of medical insurance catalogue, improvement of research ability and quality of generic drugs, and improvement of independent innovation, research and development ability of domestic drugs.