基于生态足迹法的陕北地区水资源可持续利用评价

应用生态足迹法,对陕北地区1997～2006年的水资源承载力和生态足迹进行核算,这10年陕北地区水资源利用呈生态赤字状态,生态赤字由1997年的3 626.87 hm~2增加到2006年的9 342.21 hm~2,短短10年间,生态赤字量增加近2倍,并且赤字还在不断的增加,这对于该地区社会经济可持续发展造成很大的威胁,随着该区能源重化工基地的建设,用水量还要大幅度增加,水资源问题日益严重.为此,根据评价针对陕北地区特有的经济地位和环境条件,为区域水资源的可持续利用提出了3点建议.

Evaluation on Sustainable Utilization of Water Resource in North Shaanxi Province Based on Ecological Footprint Model

Since the ecological footprint model was proposed by E.R.William,it has been widely used.It,however,is mosdy applied to evaluate the ecological carrying capacity of land resources but rarely used in evaluating water resources.In this paper,the carrying capacity of water resources and ecological footprint in north Shaanxi Province during the period from 1997 to 2006 are calculated by applying the ecological footprint model.The results show that the utilization of water resources in north Shaanxi Province in recent 10 years was in an ecological deficit,and the ecological deficit was increased from 3 626.87 hm~2 in 1997 to 9 342.21 hm~2 in 2006.In a short period of 10 years,the ecological deficit was increased by nearly 2 times,and it will be continuously increased,which has brought a serious threat to sustainable social and economic development in north Shaanxi Province.Along with the construction of the energy and heavy chemical bases,water consumption will be dramatically increased,and the shortage of water resources will become more and more serious.On which three proposals are suggested for sustainable utilization of water resources based on the peculiar economic position and ecological environment in north Shaanxi Province,they are to increase the utilization efficiency of water resources and build the water-saving society,protect water sources,prevent water pollution and speed up the construction of regional ecological environment,and implement the rational redistribution of water resources and construct the water conservancy projects.