伴生矿辐射安全监管现状及建议

我国伴生矿开发利用种类多、体量大,辐射安全形式严峻,辐射安全监管面临挑战,甚至制约了伴生矿的绿色、可持续发展。针对伴生矿放射性污染监管对象复杂、监管机制不足、监管资源有限等特点,从法律法规体系和监督管理办法两方面总结了我国伴生矿辐射安全监管现状,指出了当前监管实践中法规标准、体制机制和文化建设等方面存在的问题,并提出了三点建议和对策,以期为伴生矿开发利用过程中的放射性污染防治和辐射安全监管提供参考。

The status of radiation safety supervision of radioactive associated mines and countermeasures

The radioactive associated mines in China are of many kinds and large scales. There are many challenges in radiation safety supervision, and the severe situation of radiation safety even restricts the green and sustainable development of radioactive associated mines. In view of the characteristics of complicated regulatory objects, insufficient regulatory mechanism and limited regulatory resources of radioactive contamination in radioactive associated ores, this paper summarizes the status of radiation safety supervision of radioactive associated ores in China from two aspects of laws and regulations system and supervision and management methods, and points out the problems existing in the current regulatory practice in terms of regulations and standards, institutional mechanisms and cultural construction. Three suggestions are put forward in order to provide reference for prevention and control of radioactive pollution and supervision of radiation safety in the process of development and utilization of radioactive associated mines.