母乳对婴儿肠道菌群及免疫系统影响的研究进展

近年来的研究发现肠道菌群与疾病有很大关联,婴幼儿的免疫系统尚未成熟,肠道菌群的建立还未完善,极易受到疾病的感染。母乳因其含有丰富的营养元素和免疫元素作为婴幼儿饮食首选。本文综述了母乳中微生物、营养物质、免疫细胞和免疫分子对婴儿肠道菌群的建立及免疫系统的影响,并简单介绍了婴儿肠道菌群与过敏症的关系,为降低婴儿感染疾病的风险以及预防疾病提供科学依据,同时为如何改善婴幼儿奶粉配方提供可靠的理论参考。

Recent Advances of the Role of Human Breast Milk in the Development of the Intestinal Microbiota and Immune System of Infants

Recent findings suggest that the gut microbial communities have a close relationship with human health. The immune system of infants is not fully functional at birth, and the gut microbiota is not stable, rendering them highly susceptible to infections. It is considered that human milk is the best diet for the newborn, since it contains a wide range of nutritional and immune components. This review summarizes the impact of the microbiota, nutrients, immune cells and immune components in human milk on the development of the intestinal microflora and immune system of infants and the relationship between the gut microbiota and atopic diseases. We expect that this paper will provide scientific evidence for reducing the risk of infections in infants and preventing diseases, as well as provide insights into how to improve infant formula.