三峡水库汛期“蓄清排浑”动态运用方式初探

为研究三峡水库汛期调度方式优化问题,以实测资料为基础,对三峡水库蓄水运用以来入出库沙量特性变化进行了分析,主要从泥沙角度对三峡水库采用汛期“蓄清排浑”动态运用方式进行了初步探讨。研究结果表明:三峡水库蓄水运用后汛期入库沙量大幅减小,上游溪洛渡和向家坝水库蓄水运用后三峡水库汛期6—9月份含沙量已经开始小于论证阶段5月份和10月份的含沙量;三峡水库主汛期出库沙量占年出库沙量的90%以上,且汛期出库沙量主要集中在1~2次大的出库沙峰过程中;近期三峡水库汛期采用“蓄清排浑”动态运用的泥沙调度方式,泥沙淤积可许。研究成果可为三峡水库汛期优化调度提供参考。

Preliminary Study on Dynamic Operation Mode of "Storing Clear Water and Releasing Muddy Water" in the Three Gorges Reservoir in Flood Season

In an attempt to optimize the dispatching mode of the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) in flood season, we analyzed the variations of inbound and outbound sediment discharge after the impoundment of TGR based on measured data, and preliminarily investigated into the dynamic operation mode of “storing clear water and releasing muddy water” in flood season in terms of sediment. Since the impoundment of TGR, inbound sediment discharge has reduced by a large margin in flood season; in particular, since the operation of Xiluodu reservoir and Xiangjiaba reservoir, sediment concentration in TGR in flood season (June to September) has been smaller than those in May and October of demonstration stage. Meanwhile, accounting for over 90% of the annual value, sediment outflow in main flood season mainly concentrated in one or two large sand peaks. In the near future, the dynamic operation mode of “storing clear water and releasing muddy water” in flood season allows for sediment deposition.