白茄新品种白玉2号的选育及栽培技术

目的]选育出适合我国华南地区种植的果底钝、果横径大、光泽度好、产量高、抗病强的白茄新品种,为华南地区白茄生产发展提供优良品种.方法]以抗青枯病优质自交系紫花矮白茄为母本,创新资源丰白为父本配制杂交一代组合,对其组合力进行测定,并进行品种比较试验和区域试验.结果]选育的白玉2号总产量比对照品种白玉白茄极显著增产27.4%(P<0.01,下同),果长(28.8 cm)、果横径(5.4 cm)和单果重(296 g)分别比对照品种白玉白茄增加7.5%、31.7%和42.3%;果底钝,果面平滑、着色均匀,光泽度好,且感观品质和理化品质均较优.区域性试验结果显示,春、秋季白玉2号总产量(41.56和38.28 t/ha)分别比对照品种象牙白茄增产9.6%和3.7%,但差异未达显著水平(P>0.05),春季总产量比对照品种紫荣8号极显著增产22.5%;田间表现中抗青枯病.该品种于2016年通过广东省农作物品种审定委员会审定.结论]选育的白玉2号适应性广、中抗青枯病、产量高,果实外观品质和理化品质均较优,适合华南地区春季和秋季露地栽培.

Breeding and cultivation technology for a new eggplant variety with white peel Baiyu 2

Objective]The aim of the present study was to breed new eggplant with white peel which had round fruit bottom,large fruit transverse diameter,sound surface gloss,high yield and strong disease resistance,and provide sound varieties for planting of eggplant with white peel in southern China.Method]Inbred line short white eggplant with purple flower which was resistant to bacterial wilt was used as female parent,innovated inbred line Fengbai was used as male parent,and the two cultivars were crossed to obtain hybrid F1. The combining ability was tested,and the comparative trails and regional tests were carried out.Result]Compared to the control variety Baiyu in the comparative trials,total yields of Baiyu 2 increased extremely significantly by 27.4%(P<0.01,the same as below),and its average fruit length (28.8 cm),diameter(5.4 cm)and weight(296 g)increased by 7.5%,31.7%and 42.3%respectively. Its fruit bottom was round and the surface was smooth and uniform in color. The glossiness was superior,and its appearance quality and physi-cochemical quality were satisfactory. The result of the regional trials showed that its total yields increased by 9.6% in spring(41.56 t/ha)and by 3.7%in autumn(38.28 t/ha)compared to the control variety Xiangyabai,but the difference did not reach significant level(P>0.05). But the yield increased extremely significantly by 22.5%in spring compared to con-trol variety Zirong 8. It showed mid-resistance to bacterial wilt. Baiyu 2 was approved by Guangdong Crop Variety Approval Committee in 2016.Conclusion]The new variety Baiyu 2 has wide adaptability,mid-resistance to bacterial wilt,and high yield,and its fruit appearance quality and physicochemical quality are sound. It is suitable to be cultivated in the open field in southern China in spring and autumn.