炼油能耗分析及节能优化实践

节约能源对炼油企业而言意味着降低成本、提高经济效益。新建与改扩建炼厂由于面对劣质原油加工、产品质量升级的影响，炼油综合能耗相对偏高。项目设计时，在设计条件方面一般会选择较苛刻的数据，在实际生产过程中，可通过原油选择、操作条件优化和节能改造等措施降低能耗。节能工作需要将能源管理和技术改造紧密结合起来，涉及过程能量综合平衡标定分析、节能技术的推广应用、装置节能技术改造等。惠州炼化设计加工劣质高酸重质原油，在项目设计和投产运营期，始终重视节能降耗工作。通过操作优化调整、与先进炼化企业对标，以及筛选切实可行的节能减排项目并择机实施．炼油能耗由设计值70．38kg标油／t原油降低至2012年的59．21kg标油／t原油，单因耗能由设计值9．27kg标油／（t原油·因数）降低至2012年的7．65kg标油／（t原油·因数）。

Analysis of Energy Consumption of Refineries and Energy-saving Optimization Practice

For refiners,saving energy means reducing cost and raising revenue.New or rebuilt refineries＇ com- prehensive refining energy consumption is generally high due to their need for processing low-quality crude oil and producing higher quality of products.In project design,rigorous data is generally selected as far as design conditions are concerned.In actual production,measures such as crude oil selection,operational opti- mization and energy-saving upgrade can be used to reduce energy consumption.Energy saving requires the combination of energy management and technical upgrade ,which involves the comprehensive balance calibra- tion analysis of process energy,the spread and application of energy-saving technology and energy saving up- grades for units.CNOOC Huizhou Refining and Petrochemicals Co.,Ltd.was designed to process low-quality high-acid heavy crude oil.The company placed high value on saving energy during design and operation of projects.By optimizing operation,benchmarking against advanced refiners and selecting and implementing feasi ble energy-saving and emission redueion projects,the company slashed its refining energy consumption from the designed value of 70.38kg of oil equivalent per ton of crude oil processed to 59.21kg of oil equivalent per ton of crude oil in 2012 and its energy consumption caused by a single factor from the designed value of 9.27kg of oil equivalent/（ton of crude oil＇factor） to 7.65kg of oil equivalent/（ton of crude oil.factor） in 2012.