氯胺酮雾化吸入对大鼠哮喘模型气道炎症的影响

目的：通过建立大鼠支气管哮喘模型，观察不同浓度氯胺酮对大鼠支气管哮喘气道炎症的影响。方法：SD大鼠随机分成对照组(N组)、哮喘模型组(A组)、不同浓度氯胺酮预处理组(分别为K1组、K2组和K3组)，每组8只。A组大鼠用卵蛋白(OA)辅以百日咳杆菌菌苗和氢氧化铝为佐剂注射致敏，2周后雾化吸入卵蛋白激发哮喘；氯胺酮处理组大鼠用同样方法致敏，但在激发前分别给予雾化吸入12．5g／L(K1组)、25．0g／L(K2组)和50．0g／L(K3组)氯胺酮；N组用生理盐水替代卵蛋白进行注射和吸入。结果：A组支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)中白细胞总数显著增多，与A组相比，K1组无差异，而K2、10组BALF中细胞总数明显减低，差异有统计学意义。结论：25g／L或50g／L的氯胺酮雾化吸入对致敏原所激发的哮喘模型鼠的气道炎症及组织损伤有保护作用。

The Effect of Aerosolized Ketamine Inhalation on the Airway Inflammation of SD Rat Model of Asthma

Objective:To observe the effect of aerosolized ketamine inhalat ion on the airway inflammation of SD rat model of asthma. Methods:Fourty SD rats we re randomly assigned to five groups: control group (group N), asthma model group (group A) and three pretreatment groups of different concentration of ketamine (group K1, K2, K3), each with 8 rats. The rats in group A were sensitized by inj ection of ovalbumin (OA) together with aluminum hydroxide and Bordetella pertuss is as adjuvants, 2 weeks later followed by aerosolized OA challenge. The rats in K1, K2 and K3 groups were sensitized with OA as group A, but exposed to aerosol of ketamine (the ketamine concentration in the nebulizer were 12.5 g/L, 25 g/L in 0.9%sterile saline and 50 g/L 0.9%sterile saline by injection and inhalatio n. Results:The amount of total leucocytes in brochoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) significantly increased in the rats of group A. There was no difference between group K1 and group A but the amount of total leucocytes in group K2 and K3 were lower than that in group A (P< 0.01,P< 0.05 respectively). Conclusion:25 g/L or 50 g/L aerosolized ketamine inhalation had protective effect on airway inflam mation and histology damages results from aeroallergen challenge in the asthma m odel of SD rats.