基于无刷直流电机的电动车控制器研究与设计

传统的电动车用无刷直流电机(BLDCM)控制器功率逆变电路,为实时检测相电流,通过电阻进行相电流采样并反馈给微控制单元(MCU)进行电流环闭环控制,然而,在功率较大的控制器电路应用中,大电流会导致功率损耗增加。为解决这一问题,以STM32系列微型单片机为核心,设计了一套电动车控制器控制电路。重点阐述BLDCM硬件控制。为改进电源短路保护电路,提出了一种新型的MOS管内阻采样方法,并制作铝基板PCB。测试结果表明:该控制电路测控性能稳定,能够应用于工业生产中。

Research and Design of Electric Vehicle Controller Based onBrushless DC Motor

In order to detect the phase current in real time, the traditional power inverter circuit for brushless DC motor (BLDCM) controller of electric vehicle sampled the phase current through the resistor and fed it back to the microcontroller unit (MCU) for current loop closedloop control. However, when the controller was used in high power levels, the heavy current would cause some power loss. In order to solve the problem, a set of electric vehicle controller circuits with STM32 series microchip as the core was designed. The hardware controller of BLDCM was described in detail. To improve the shortcircuit protection circuit of power supply, a new method for sampling internal resistance of MOS tube was especially proposed, and a PCB based on aluminum substrate was made. The test results showed that the designed circuits performed reliably and could be applied to industrial production.