稠油油藏多轮次减氧空气吞吐后复合注气增油机理

为了提高稠油油藏注气吞吐生产效果,针对水驱后多轮次减氧空气吞吐接续注入不同气体或不同气体复合的吞吐增油机理认识不清这一实际问题,开展了一维和三维物理模型实验及正对井和反五点井网的数值模拟,采用不同轮次采油量和原油组分对比分析、渗流过程研究等手段,分析了减氧空气、二氧化碳、天然气等不同气体在稠油油藏吞吐过程中的驱油和洗油机理。结果表明：减氧空气吞吐以堵水为主,多轮次后水线容易突破而较快失效;前置二氧化碳段塞后续注入减氧空气的复合吞吐,发挥了堵水和驱替剩余油的协同作用;先注入减氧空气后注入天然气的复合吞吐,溶解了近井区域重质原油组分,起到了增能、降黏和疏通孔隙的多重作用。10轮次的实验和数值模拟综合研究,明确了3种气体及其复合吞吐的增油机理,得到现场实际井的验证,可供类似稠油油藏气体吞吐提高采收率参考。

EOR Mechanism of Compound Gas Injection After Multiple Cycles of Oxygen-Reduced Air Huff and Puff in Heavy Oil Reservoirs

For heavy oil reservoirs, the enhanced oil recovery (EOR) mechanism of injecting different gases or compound of gases after multiple cycles of oxygen-reduced air huff and puff following water flooding is unclear. In this paper, experiments were conducted with one-dimensional and three-dimensional physical models, and numerical simulations were performed on well pair model and inverted five-spot well pattern model. Based on the comparative analysis on production and components of oil recovered in different cycles of huff and puff and flow process research, the oil displacement and washing mechanisms during huff and puff with three gases, i.e. oxygen-reduced air, CO₂ and natural gas, in heavy oil reservoirs were discussed. The results show that the EOR mechanism of oxygen-reduced air huff and puff is dominated by water plugging, and the water front may readily break through after multiple cycles of operation and then fail quickly. The huff and puff with CO₂ slug followed by oxygen-reduced air plays a synergy of water plugging and remaining oil displacement. The huff and puff with oxygen-reduced air injection followed by natural gas dissolves the heavy components of the oil in near-wellbore area, achieving multiple effects of increasing energy, reducing viscosity and dredging pores. EOR mechanisms of huff and puff with three gases and their compound have been clarified through the experiments and numerical simulations on 10 cycles of huff and puff, and have been verified by field wells. The conclusions are of guiding significance for enhancing oil recovery by gas huff and puff in similar reservoirs.