基于大规模V2G的区域电源低碳优化策略

碳达峰背景下可再生能源占比增加会降低系统灵活性、提高经济成本,并对电网运行稳定性造成冲击。随着电动汽车规模的扩大,其大规模接入电网时也会因充电不确定性而影响电网的稳定性。V2G(vehicle-to-grid)技术的实施使电动汽车规模化参与调峰辅助服务成为可能,故应将其纳入到未来的电力系统规划中。在考虑大规模电动汽车参与V2G调峰的基础上,重点研究了季节因素对电动汽车参与V2G出力的影响。以系统运行成本最小、电网侧负荷波动最小、用户侧经济收益最大建立了多目标规划模型,来优化电源结构,减少电源侧碳排放,提高系统整体经济效益。以我国河北省区域作为算例,设置不同情景进行研究分析。结果表明,规划期内V2G参与比例为70%时结果最优,电源侧碳排放降低3.45%,风、光消纳量提高10.18%,能够有效推动电源结构转型。

Research on Low-Carbon Optimization Strategy of Regional Power Supply Based on Large-Scale V2G

The increase of the proportion of renewable energy will reduce the flexibility, increase the economic cost, and have an impact on the stability of power grid operation. With the expansion of the scale of electric vehicles, their large-scale access to the power grid will also affect the stability of the power grid due to charging uncertainty. The implementation of vehicle to grid (V2G) technology makes it possible for electric vehicles to participate in peak-shaving auxiliary services on a large scale, so it should be included in the future power system planning. Aiming at large-scale electric vehicles participating in peak shaving, this paper focuses on the influence of seasonal factors on electric vehicles participating in V2G output. In the research process, a multi-objective programming model is established to minimize the system operation cost, minimize the load fluctuation on the grid side and maximize the economic benefits on the user side, so as to optimize the power supply structure, reduce the carbon emission on the power supply side and improve the overall economic benefits of the system. Taking Hebei Province of China as an example, different scenarios are set for research and analysis. The results show that, when the participation ratio of V2G is 70% in the planning period, the result is the best, and the carbon emission on the power side is effectively reduced by 3.45%. The consumption of wind and solar energy can be increased by 10.18%, promoting the transformation of power structure.