鸟巢式护理模式对早产儿生长发育及肠胃功能的影响

目的 探讨鸟巢式护理模式在早产儿护理中的应用价值。方法 选取2016年6月—2020年5月本院收治的早产儿94例,采用随机数表法将其分为两组,每组各47例。对照组给予早产儿采取常规护理,观察组在早产儿常规护理上实施鸟巢式护理模式。比较两组临床效果、护理前后生长发育情况、肠胃功能及家属护理满意度。结果 观察组体温波动幅度低于对照组,睡眠时间长于对照组,血氧饱和度高于对照组,出暖箱时间短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。护理前,两组头围、身高、体质量比较,差异无统计学意义(t=0.381,P=0.704、t=0.211,P=0.833、t=1.472,P=0.144);护理后2周,观察组头围(28.44±1.35)cm、身高(44.86±2.05)cm、体质量(2 336.93±12.47)g,高于对照组的(27.76±1.87)cm、(42.46±2.43)cm、(2 310.14±13.56)g,差异有统计学意义(t=2.021,P=0.046、t=5.175,P<0.001、t=9.970,P<0.001);观察组首次胎便时间、胎便转黄时间分别为(21.74±7.35)h、(58.91±12.44)h,短于对照组的(25.02±8.13)h、(63.87±13.74)h,排便次数及进奶量的增加分别为(5.67±1.32)次/d、(3.38±1.43)mL/d,高于对照组的(4.21±1.84)次/d、(2.13±0.27)mL/d,差异有统计学意义(t=2.052,P=0.043、t=4.420,P<0.001、t=2.205,P=0.030、t=5.889,P<0.001);观察组护理总满意度高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 鸟巢式护理模式可减少早产儿体温波动幅度,提供适宜的恒温环境,促进早产儿生长发育,效果确切,值得广泛应用。

Effects of bird's nest nursing model on growth and development and gastrointestinal function of premature infants

Objective To explore the application value of bird's nest nursing model in the nursing of premature infants. Methods A total of 94 premature infants treated in our hospital from June 2016 to May 2020 were randomly divided into two groups with 47 cases in each group. The control group was given the routine nursing care for preterm infants, and the observation group received a bird's nest nursing mode on the routine nursing care for preterm infants. The clinical effect, growth and development, gastrointestinal function and nursing satisfaction of family members were investigated and compared between the two groups. Results The average fluctuation range of body temperature in the observation group was lower than that in the control group, the average sleep time in the observation group was longer than that in the control group, the blood oxygen saturation in the observation group was higher than that in the control group, and the warm box time in the observation group was shorter than that in the control group (P<0.05). Before the nursing, there were no significant differences in the average head circumference, height and body mass between the two groups (t=0.381, P=0.704, t=0.211, P=0.833, t=1.472, P=0.144); two weeks after nursing, the average head circumference , height , and body mass in the observation group were higher than those in the control group , with significant differences (t=2.021, P=0.046, t=5.175, P<0.001, t=9.970, P<0.001); the average first fetal stool time and fetal stool yellowing time in the observation group were and respectively, which were shorter than those in the control group . The increase of defecation times and milk intake were (5.67±1.32) times/d and (3.38±1.43) ml/d respectively in the observation group, which were higher than those in the control group (4.21±1.84) times/d and (2.13±0.27) ml/d respectively, and the differences were statistically significant (t=2.052, P=0.043, t=4.420, P<0.001, t=2.205, P=0.030, t=5.889, P<0.001). The total satisfaction of nursing in the observation group was higher than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusions The bird's nest nursing model can reduce the temperature fluctuation of premature infants, provide a suitable constant temperature environment, and promote the growth and development of premature infants. It has a definite effect and is worthy of wide application.