印度洋鲣鱼围网资源渔场时空变化及其与ENSO的关系

鲣鱼是印度洋重要的金枪鱼种类之一，其资源丰度与海洋环境关系密切。本研究根据1980-2010年印度洋鲣鱼围网生产统计数据以及海洋环境与厄尔尼诺-南方涛动（ENSO）指数等，对印度洋鲣鱼围网资源渔场时空分布，以及厄尔尼诺年和拉尼娜年等不同尺度气候条件下鲣鱼资源渔场时空变动及其与海洋环境因子的关系进行分析。研究结果表明，1980-2010年印度洋鲣鱼围网渔获量基本保持不断增加的趋势，但CUPE值变化幅度较大，最低仅为0.68 t/d（1997年），最高达到1.58 t/d（2002年）。同时鲣鱼资源丰度（CPUE）与Ni?o3.4区指数存在显著的负相关关系，即厄尔尼诺年，鲣鱼CPUE 随之下降，拉尼娜年，CPUE 随之上升。ENSO现象对鲣鱼渔场时空分布也有显著影响，厄尔尼诺发生时，鲣鱼围网作业渔场重心会向东、向北移动，而拉尼娜年则向西、向南移动。

Spatial-temporal variation on skipjack resources and its relationship with ENSO for purse seine fishery in the Indian Ocean

Skipjack is one of the important tuna species in the Indian Ocean, and the relationship between resource abundance and marine environment is very close. In this paper, according to the production statistics of skipjack for tuna purse seine in the Indian Ocean during 1980 to 2010, marine environmental factors and El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) index, the spatial distribution skipjack resources for tuna purse seine fishery in the Indian Ocean, and its relationship with marine environmental factors were analyzed during El Niño and La Niña years. The results showed that the increasing trend of catches from 1980 to 2010 for skipjack purse seine in the Indian Ocean was remained, but the value of CPUE varied greatly, the lowest is only 0.68 t/d (1997), the highest reached 1.58 t/d (2002). At the same time, the skipjack resource abundance (CPUE) and Niño3.4 index had significant negative correlation, that is during El Niño years, the CPUE decreased, while during La Niña years, CPUE increased. ENSO phenomenon also greatly affected fishing ground distribution of skipjack. During El Niño occurence, the center of gravity for skipjack fishing ground moves eastward and northward, while during La Niña years the center of gravity for skipjack fishing ground moves westward and southward.