中国城市的郊区化与公交导向开发

中国大城市的郊区化使得许多居民被安置在比他们以前居住地可达性更差的地方,而需要采用机动化方式出行。基于对最近才迁居到上海郊区三个街区的居民所进行的当前出行及回顾以前出行的调查数据,研究了迁居至外围地区对就业可达性、通勤方式选择和通勤时耗的影响。发现:迁居后,居民的就业可达性下降很快,与此相伴随的是机动化出行比例及通勤时间的大幅度提高。然而,也发现:迁居到郊区地铁站附近的居民就业可达性下降的较少,而且对于许多居民来说,如此迁居正鼓励居民出行方式从非机动车方式转向公共交通方式。我们得出结论认为:对于把快速郊区化的中国城市引导走向更持续的道路,可寄予公交为导向的开发模式以很高的期望。

Suburbanization and transit-oriented development in China

The suburbanization of large Chinese cities has placed many residents in locations that are far less accessible than their prior residences,requiring motorized travel.This paper examines the impacts of relocation to outlying areas on job accessibility,commuting mode choice,and commuting durations based on a current-day and retrospective survey of recent movers to three suburban neighborhoods in Shanghai.Job accessibility levels were found to decline dramatically following the move,matched by increased motorized travel and longer commute durations.Relocating to a suburban area near a metrorail station,however,was found to moderate losses in job accessibility and for many,encourage switches from non-motorized to transit commuting.We conclude that transitoriented development holds considerable promise for placing rapidly suburbanizing Chinese cities on a more sustainable pathway.