Automatic generation control of a multi-area system using ant lion optimizer algorithm based PID plus second order derivative controller |
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Affiliation: | 1. Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Anna University – University College of Engineering Dindigul, India;2. Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Thiagarajar College of Engineering, Madurai, India;1. Department of Electrical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Durgapur, West Bengal, India;2. Kalyani Government Engineering College, Kalyani, West Bengal, India;1. Department Electrical Engineering, Institute of Technical Education and Research (ITER), Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar 751030, Odisha, India;2. Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Veer Surendra Sai University of Technology (VSSUT), Burla 768018, Odisha, India |
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Abstract: | This article presents the automatic generation control of an unequal three area thermal system. Single stage reheat turbines and generation rate constraints of 3%/min are considered in each control area. Controllers such as Integral (I), Proportional – Integral (PI), Proportional – Integral – Derivative (PID), and Proportional – Integral – Derivative Plus Second Order Derivative (PID + DD) are treated as secondary controllers separately. A nature inspired optimization technique called Ant Lion Optimizer (ALO) algorithm is used for simultaneous optimization of the controller gains. Comparison of dynamic responses of frequencies and tie line powers corresponding to ALO optimized I, PI, PID and PID + DD controller reveal the better performance of PID + DD controller in terms of lesser settling time, peak overshoots as well as reduced oscillations. Robustness of the optimum gains of best controller obtained at nominal conditions is evaluated using sensitivity analysis. Analysis exposed that the optimum PID + DD controller gains obtained at nominal are robust and not necessary to reset again for changes in loading, parameter like inertia constant (H), size and position of disturbance. Furthermore, the performance of PID + DD controller is found better as compared to PID controller against random loading pattern condition. |
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Keywords: | Ant lion optimizer Automatic generation control Random loading pattern Sensitivity analysis |
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